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Publication Details
AFRICAN RESEARCH NEXUS
SHINING A SPOTLIGHT ON AFRICAN RESEARCH
medicine
An unexpected recurrent transmission of rift valley fever virus in cattle in a temperate and mountainous area of madagascar
PLoS Neglected Tropical Diseases, Volume 5, No. 12, Article e1423, Year 2011
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Description
Rift Valley fever is an acute, zoonotic viral disease of domestic ruminants, caused by a phlebovirus (Bunyaviridae family). A large outbreak occurred in Madagascar in 2008-2009. The goal of the present study was to evaluate the point prevalence of antibodies against Rift Valley Fever Virus (RVFV) in cattle in the Anjozorobe district, located in the wet and temperate highland region of Madagascar and yet heavily affected by the disease, and analyse environmental and trade factors potentially linked to RVFV transmission. A serological study was performed in 2009 in 894 bovines. For each bovine, the following variables were recorded: age, location of the night pen, minimum distance from the pen to the nearest water point and the forest, nearest water point type, and herd replacement practices. The serological data were analyzed using a generalized linear mixed model. The overall anti-RVFV IgG seroprevalence rate was 28% [CI95% 25-31]. Age was statistically linked to prevalence (p = 10 -4), being consistent with a recurrent RVFV circulation. Distance from the night pen to the nearest water point was a protective factor (p = 5.10 -3), which would be compatible with a substantial part of the virus transmission being carried out by nocturnal mosquito vectors. However, water point type did not influence the risk of infection: several mosquito species are probably involved. Cattle belonging to owners who purchase animals to renew the herd were significantly more likely to have seroconverted than others (p = 0.04): cattle trade may contribute to the introduction of the virus in this area. The minimum distance of the night pen to the forest was not linked to the prevalence. This is the first evidence of a recurrent transmission of RVFV in such an ecosystem that associates a wet, temperate climate, high altitude, paddy fields, and vicinity to a dense rain forest. Persistence mechanisms need to be further investigated. © 2011 Chevalier et al. This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited.
Available Materials
https://efashare.b-cdn.net/share/pmc/articles/PMC3243698/bin/pntd.0001423.s001.doc
Authors & Co-Authors
Chevalier, Véronique
France, Paris
Cirad
Rakotondrafara, Toky
Madagascar, Antananarivo
Fofifa-drzv
Jourdan, Marion
France, Paris
Cirad
Héraud, Jean Michel
Madagascar, Antananarivo
Institut Pasteur de Madagascar
Andriamanivo, Harena Rasamoelina
Madagascar, Antananarivo
Fofifa-drzv
Durand, Benoit
France, Maisons-alfort
Anses Maisons-alfort Laboratory for Animal Health
Ravaomanana, Julie
Madagascar, Antananarivo
Fofifa-drzv
Rollin, Pierre Etienne
United States, Atlanta
National Center for Emerging and Zoonotic Infectious Diseases
Rakotondravao, René
Madagascar, Antananarivo
Fofifa-drzv
Statistics
Citations: 62
Authors: 9
Affiliations: 5
Identifiers
Doi:
10.1371/journal.pntd.0001423
ISSN:
19352727
e-ISSN:
19352735
Research Areas
Environmental
Health System And Policy
Infectious Diseases
Study Design
Cross Sectional Study
Study Locations
Madagascar