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Publication Details
AFRICAN RESEARCH NEXUS
SHINING A SPOTLIGHT ON AFRICAN RESEARCH
medicine
Epidemiology of human immunodeficiency virus in families in lusaka, zambia
Journal of Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndromes, Volume 3, No. 1, Year 1990
Notification
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Description
Persons living in the same household as index patients with AIDS or ARC in Lusaka, Zambia were clinically and serologically evaluated for HIV-1 infection. In the 150 households of male index cases, 92 (61.3%) of their spouses were infected, compared with 57 (73.1%) of the spouses of the 78 female index cases. The more advanced the clinical stage of illness in the index cases, the greater the probability of HIV infection in the spouse (RR = 4.44), and the more likely the spouse was symptomatic. Four of the 11 spouses who seroconverted to HIV had also had sexual intercourse at a time when their HIV-infected partner had genital ulcers (RR = 7.45). Of 144 children under 5 years of age, 36 (25.0%) were infected, all had infected mothers and were the last to be borne in all but one household. Three of 120 children 5 to 10 years of age were also infected, presumably through perinatal transmission. Forty-six of 52 discordantly infected couples followed for 1 year continued to have unprotected vaginal intercourse, and 11 (21.2%) of these seroconverted to HIV. There were no HIV infections that could be attributed to transmission by other means than heterosexual intercourse between spouses or by perinatal infection in children borne of infected mothers. The study suggests that there is an increasing risk of HIV heterosexual transmission as infection progresses in the infected partner, and that more effective counseling is needed to prevent it. © 1990 Raven Press, Ltd.. New York.
Authors & Co-Authors
Hira, Subhash K.
Zambia, Lusaka
University of Zambia School of Medicine
Nkowane, Benjamin M.
Zambia, Lusaka
University of Zambia School of Medicine
Kamanga, Joseph
Zambia, Lusaka
University Teaching Hospital Lusaka
Wadhawan, D.
Zambia, Lusaka
University of Zambia School of Medicine
Kavindele, Dorothy
Zambia, Lusaka
University of Zambia School of Medicine
Macuacua, R.
Zambia, Lusaka
University Teaching Hospital Lusaka
Mpoko, G.
Zambia, Lusaka
University of Zambia School of Medicine
Malek, M.
Zambia, Lusaka
University of Zambia School of Medicine
Cruess, David F.
United States, Bethesda
Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences
Perine, Peter L.
United States, Bethesda
Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences
Statistics
Citations: 10
Authors: 10
Affiliations: 3
Identifiers
ISSN:
15254135
Research Areas
Infectious Diseases
Maternal And Child Health
Sexual And Reproductive Health
Study Locations
Zambia
Participants Gender
Male
Female