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Publication Details
AFRICAN RESEARCH NEXUS
SHINING A SPOTLIGHT ON AFRICAN RESEARCH
medicine
A case-control study on the association between female genital mutilation and sexually transmitted infections in Sudan
BJOG: An International Journal of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Volume 113, No. 4, Year 2006
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Description
Objective: To assess whether the extent of female genital mutilation (FGM) influences the risk of acquiring sexually transmitted infections (STIs). Design: Hospital-based case-control study. Setting: Two obstetric/gynaecological outpatient clinics in Khartoum, Sudan, 2003-2004. Population: A total of 222 women aged 17-35 years coming to antenatal and gynaecological clinics. Methods: Women recruited for the study were divided into cases with seropositivity for Neisseria gonorrhoeae (gonococcal antibody test), Chlamydia trachomatis (enzyme immunoassay) or Treponema pallidum (Treponema pallidum haemagglutination assay) (n= 26) and controls without antibodies to these species (n= 196). Socio-demographic data were obtained and physical examination including genital examination was performed in order to classify the form of FGM. Cases and controls were compared using logistic regression to adjust for covariates. Main outcome measures: Extent of FGM and seropositivity for C. trachomatis, N. gonorrhoeae or T. pallidum. Results: Of the cases, 85% had undergone the most severe form of FGM involving labia majora compared with 78% of controls (n.s.). Thus, there was no association between serological evidence of STIs and extent of FGM. The only factor that differed significantly between the groups was the education level, cases with STIs having significantly shorter education (P= 0.03) than controls. Conclusions: There is a little difference between cases and controls in regard to FGM. Having in mind the relatively small sample size, the results still indicate that FGM seems neither to be a risk factor for nor protective against acquiring STIs. This is important as argument against traditional beliefs that FGM protects against pre/extramarital sex. © RCOG 2006.
Authors & Co-Authors
Elmusharaf, S.
Sweden, Stockholm
Karolinska Institutet
Elkhidir, Isam Mohamed E.
Sudan, Khartoum
University of Khartoum Faculty of Medicine
Hoffmann, Steen
Denmark, Copenhagen
Statens Serum Institut
Almroth, Lars
Sweden, Stockholm
Karolinska Institutet
Statistics
Citations: 37
Authors: 4
Affiliations: 3
Identifiers
Doi:
10.1111/j.1471-0528.2006.00896.x
ISSN:
14700328
e-ISSN:
14710528
Research Areas
Health System And Policy
Maternal And Child Health
Sexual And Reproductive Health
Study Design
Cross Sectional Study
Case-Control Study
Study Locations
Sudan
Participants Gender
Female