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Publication Details
AFRICAN RESEARCH NEXUS
SHINING A SPOTLIGHT ON AFRICAN RESEARCH
Bovine tuberculosis at the wildlife-livestock-human interface in Hamer Woreda, South Omo, Southern Ethiopia
PLoS ONE, Volume 5, No. 8, Article e12205, Year 2010
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Description
Bovine tuberculosis (BTB) is endemic in cattle in the Ethiopian Highlands but no studies have been done so far in pastoralists in South Omo. This study assessed the prevalence of bovine tuberculosis (BTB) at an intensive interface of livestock, wildlife and pastoralists in Hamer Woreda (South Omo), Ethiopia. A cross-sectional survey including a comparative intradermal skin testing (CIDT) was conducted in 499 zebu cattle and 186 goats in 12 settlements. Sputum samples from 26 symptomatic livestock owners were cultured for TB. Fifty-one wildlife samples from 13 different species were also collected in the same area and tested with serological (lateral flow assay) and bacteriological (culture of lymph nodes) techniques. Individual BTB prevalence in cattle was 0.8% (CI: 0.3%-2%) with the >4 mm cut-off and 3.4% (CI: 2.1%-5.4%) with the >2 mm cut-off. Herd prevalence was 33.3% and 83% when using the >4 and the >2 mm cut-off respectively. There was no correlation between age, sex, body condition and positive reactors upon univariate analysis. None of the goats were reactors for BTB. Acid fast bacilli (AFB) were detected in 50% of the wildlife cultures, 79.2% of which were identified as Mycobacterium terrae complex. No M. bovis was detected. Twenty-seven percent of tested wildlife were sero-positive. Four sputum cultures (15.4%) yielded AFB positive colonies among which one was M. tuberculosis and 3 non-tuberculous mycobacteria (NTM). The prevalence of M. avium-complex (MAC) was 4.2% in wildlife, 2.5% in cattle and 0.5% in goats. In conclusion, individual BTB prevalence was low, but herd prevalence high in cattle and BTB was not detected in goats, wildlife and humans despite an intensive contact interface. On the contrary, NTMs were highly prevalent and some Mycobacterium spp were more prevalent in specific species. The role of NTMs in livestock and co-infection with BTB need further research. © 2010 Tschopp et al.
Authors & Co-Authors
Tschopp, Rea
Switzerland, Allschwil
Swiss Tropical and Public Health Institute Swiss Tph
Ethiopia, Addis Ababa
Armauer Hansen Research Institute
Aseffa, Abraham
Ethiopia, Addis Ababa
Armauer Hansen Research Institute
Schelling, Esther
Switzerland, Allschwil
Swiss Tropical and Public Health Institute Swiss Tph
Berg, Stefan
United Kingdom, Addlestone
Animal and Plant Health Agency
Hailu, Elena
Ethiopia, Addis Ababa
Armauer Hansen Research Institute
Gadisa, Endalamaw
Ethiopia, Addis Ababa
Armauer Hansen Research Institute
Habtamu, Meseret
Ethiopia, Addis Ababa
Armauer Hansen Research Institute
Argaw, Kifle
Ethiopia, Addis Ababa
Ethiopian Wildlife Conservation Authority
Zinsstag, Jakob B.
Switzerland, Allschwil
Swiss Tropical and Public Health Institute Swiss Tph
Statistics
Citations: 57
Authors: 9
Affiliations: 4
Identifiers
Doi:
10.1371/journal.pone.0012205
e-ISSN:
19326203
Research Areas
Infectious Diseases
Study Design
Cross Sectional Study
Study Approach
Quantitative
Study Locations
Ethiopia