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Publication Details
AFRICAN RESEARCH NEXUS
SHINING A SPOTLIGHT ON AFRICAN RESEARCH
medicine
Characterization of hepatitis delta virus in sub-Saharan Africa
Journal of Clinical Microbiology, Volume 52, No. 5, Year 2014
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Description
Hepatitis D virus (HDV) is a satellite of hepatitis B virus (HBV), and infection with this virus aggravates acute and chronic liver disease. While HBV seroprevalence is very high across sub-Saharan Africa, much less is known about HDV in the region. In this study, almost 2,300 blood serum samples from Burkina Faso (n = 1,131), Nigeria (n = 974), Chad (n = 50), and the Central African Republic (n = 118) were screened for HBV and HDV. Among 743 HBsAg-positive serum samples, 74 were positive for HDV antibodies and/or HDV RNA, with considerable differences in prevalence, ranging from < 2% (pregnant women from Burkina Faso) to 50% (liver patients from Central African Republic). HDV seems to be much more common in chronic liver disease patients in the Central African Republic (CAR) than in similar cohorts in Nigeria. In a large nested mother-child cohort in Burkina Faso, the prevalence of HDV antibodies was 10 times higher in the children than in their mothers, despite similar HBsAg prevalences, excluding vertical transmission as an important route of infection. The genotyping of 16 full-length and 8 partial HDV strains revealed clade 1 (17/24) in three of the four countries, while clades 5 (5/24) and 6 (2/24) were, at least in this study, confined to Central Nigeria. On the amino acid level, almost all our clade 1 strains exhibited a serine at position 202 in the hepatitis D antigen, supporting the hypothesis of an ancient African HDV-1 subgroup. Further studies are required to understand the public health significance of the highly varied HDV prevalences in different cohorts and countries in sub-Saharan Africa. Copyright © 2014, American Society for Microbiology. All Rights Reserved.
Authors & Co-Authors
Andernach, Iris E.
Luxembourg, Luxembourg
Laboratoire National de Sante Luxembourg
Germany, Berlin
Robert Koch Institute
Leiss, Lukas V.
Luxembourg, Luxembourg
Laboratoire National de Sante Luxembourg
Tarnagda, Zékiba S.
Burkina Faso, Ouagadougou
Institut de Recherche en Sciences de la Santé
Tahita, Marc Christian
Burkina Faso, Ouagadougou
Institut de Recherche en Sciences de la Santé
Otegbayo, Jesse Abiodun
Nigeria, Ibadan
University College Hospital, Ibadan
Forbi, Joseph C.
Nigeria
Clinical Virology Laboratory
Omilabu, Sunday Aremu
Nigeria, Lagos
College of Medicine
Gouandjika-Vasilache, Ionela
Central African Republic, Bangui
Institut Pasteur de Bangui
Komas, Narcisse Patrice Joseph
Central African Republic, Bangui
Institut Pasteur de Bangui
Mbah, Okwen P.
Cameroon, No
District Hospital Bali
Muller, Claude P.
Luxembourg, Luxembourg
Laboratoire National de Sante Luxembourg
Statistics
Citations: 66
Authors: 11
Affiliations: 8
Identifiers
Doi:
10.1128/JCM.02297-13
ISSN:
00951137
e-ISSN:
1098660X
Research Areas
Infectious Diseases
Maternal And Child Health
Study Design
Cross Sectional Study
Cohort Study
Study Locations
Burkina Faso
Central African Republic
Chad
Nigeria
Participants Gender
Female