Influence of dynamic position, fluid intake, hydration, and energy expenditure on sustainable mobility transport

Energy is fundamental for any industrial development and globalization. Due to the demand of energy finding the cheap and environmental friendly commuting is vital. This study deals about how a saddle position affects the performance of the commuter. In regular and sprint cycling, the interaction between the bike and the rider is crucial. The performance of the cyclist depends on the bike setup and rider position. Besides, muscle force and aerodynamics also affect the biomechanical outputs. A series of tests were conducted on both hybrid and road bikes with a different test specimen. In the first session, the saddle height is kept at three different heights −10 mm, optimum and +10 mm and the performances value is noted. In the second session, the saddle was placed at three different angles (−8°, optimum and +8°) and the muscle force during pedalling is measured. Further, the position of saddle setback was done for three different configurations and the parameters such as force effectiveness and work effectiveness index were obtained. The real-time tests are done throughout the month with negligible traffic. The saddle height and saddle setback showed a significant difference in the performance of the bike. Further, the configuration of bike and its handlebar position also influences in the cyclist performance. Selecting the optimum saddle height using bike fitting technique can reduce the lower limb injury risk. Nevertheless, setting saddle at forward position and shifting little backward reduces the 10% of cumulative effort of the cyclist.