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Publication Details
AFRICAN RESEARCH NEXUS
SHINING A SPOTLIGHT ON AFRICAN RESEARCH
medicine
HIV-related bronchiectasis in children: An emerging spectre in high tuberculosis burden areas
International Journal of Tuberculosis and Lung Disease, Volume 16, No. 1, Year 2012
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Description
BACKGROUND: Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infected children have an eleven-fold risk of acute lower respiratory tract infection. This places HIV-infected children at risk of airway destruction and bronchiectasis. OBJECTIVE: To study predisposing factors for the development of bronchiectasis in a developing world setting. METHODS: Children with HIV-related bronchiectasis aged 6-14 years were enrolled. Data were collected on demographics, induced sputum for tuberculosis, respiratory viruses (respiratory syncytial virus), influenza A and B, parainfluenza 1-3, adenovirus and cytomegalo virus), bacteriology and cytokines. Spirometry was performed. Blood samples were obtained for HIV staging, immunoglobulins, immunoCAP®-specific immunoglobulin E (IgE) for common foods and aeroallergens and cytokines. RESULTS: In all, 35 patients were enrolled in the study. Of 161 sputum samples, the predominant organisms cultured were Haemophilus influenzae and parainfluenzae (49%). The median forced expiratory volume in 1 second of all patients was 53%. Interleukin-8 was the predominant cytokine in sputum and serum. The median IgE level was 770 kU/l; however, this did not seem to be related to atopy; 36% were exposed to environmental tobacco smoke, with no correlation between exposure and CD4 count. CONCLUSION: Children with HIV-related bronchiectasis are diagnosed after the age of 6 years and suffer significant morbidity. Immune stimulation mechanisms in these children are intact despite the level of immunosuppression. © 2011 The Union.
Authors & Co-Authors
Masekela, Refiloe R.
South Africa, Pretoria
Steve Biko Academic Hospital
Anderson, Ronald
South Africa, Pretoria
University of Pretoria
Moodley, Teshni
South Africa, Pretoria
Steve Biko Academic Hospital
Kitchin, Omolemo P.
South Africa, Pretoria
Steve Biko Academic Hospital
Risenga, Samuel Malamulele
South Africa, Pretoria
Steve Biko Academic Hospital
Becker, Pieter J.
South Africa, Tygerberg
South African Medical Research Council
Green, Robin John
South Africa, Pretoria
Steve Biko Academic Hospital
Statistics
Citations: 42
Authors: 7
Affiliations: 3
Identifiers
Doi:
10.5588/ijtld.11.0244
ISSN:
10273719
Research Areas
Infectious Diseases
Maternal And Child Health
Substance Abuse