Inner space: Translating advances in human medicine to minimise the invasiveness of marine tagging procedures

Background: Surgical implantation of transmitters and data loggers into wild fish is commonplace among studies of their behaviour and ecology. Nonetheless, concerns remain regarding the procedures required for implantation of internal tags, and there is a subsequent responsibility by researchers to minimise the invasiveness of any tagging protocol. To this end, we investigated whether advances in human laparoscopic surgery could be used to make tag implantation less invasive and more efficient. Results: Use of a trocar meant that incisions could be < 50% in length, muscle was parted instead of cut, and no sharp edges entered the abdominal cavity. A barbed suture then meant the incision could be closed more easily without the need to tie any knots. Conclusions: Combined use of a trocar and barbed suture made the surgical implantation procedure minimally invasive for the animal, and easier to perform at sea. This preliminary trial highlights the value of interdisciplinary collaboration and the strong potential of the procedure, justifying further exploration of its application.