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Publication Details
AFRICAN RESEARCH NEXUS
SHINING A SPOTLIGHT ON AFRICAN RESEARCH
medicine
Nitazoxanide for persistent diarrhoea in Zambian acquired immune deficiency syndrome patients: A randomized-controlled trial
Alimentary Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Volume 21, No. 6, Year 2005
Notification
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Description
Background: Adults with acquired immune deficiency syndrome and persistent diarrhoea in Zambia have intestinal infection, predominantly protozoa. Aim: To search for treatment which can be offered with minimal investigation, we carried out a double-blind, randomized-controlled trial of nitazoxanide (a drug with a range of activity against parasites and bacteria). Methods: Patients with diarrhoea of 1 month duration or longer were randomized to receive nitazoxanide (1000 mg twice daily) or placebo for 2 weeks. Endpoints were clinical response, parasitological clearance and mortality. Results: Two hundred and seven adults were randomized; 42 died during the study. The primary assessment of efficacy was made after 17 days. Clinical response was observed in 56 (75%) of 75 patients receiving nitazoxanide and 45 (58%) of 77 patients receiving placebo (P = 0.03). The rate of improvement was markedly higher in patients with CD4 counts under 50 cells/μL receiving nitazoxanide (P = 0.007). The benefit was largely restricted to the period when the drug was being administered. No difference was seen in parasitological clearance between the two groups. Mortality was 19% by 4 weeks of follow-up and did not differ with treatment allocation. Conclusions: Nitazoxanide given orally for 14 days was associated with clinical improvement in Zambian acquired immune deficiency syndrome patients with diarrhoea, especially those with very low CD4 counts. © 2005 Blackwell Publishing Ltd.
Authors & Co-Authors
Zulu, Isaac S.
Zambia, Lusaka
University of Zambia School of Medicine
Zambia, Lusaka
University Teaching Hospital Lusaka
Kelly, Paul M.
Zambia, Lusaka
University of Zambia School of Medicine
United Kingdom, London
Barts and the London School of Medicine and Dentistry
Njobvu, Lungowe
Zambia, Lusaka
University of Zambia School of Medicine
Sianongo, Sandie
Zambia, Lusaka
University of Zambia School of Medicine
Kaonga, K.
Zambia, Lusaka
University of Zambia School of Medicine
McDonald, Vincent
United Kingdom, London
Barts and the London School of Medicine and Dentistry
Farthinǵ, Michael J.G.
United Kingdom, London
St George’s, University of London
Pollok, Richard C.G.
United Kingdom, London
St George’s, University of London
Statistics
Citations: 32
Authors: 8
Affiliations: 4
Identifiers
Doi:
10.1111/j.1365-2036.2005.02394.x
ISSN:
02692813
Research Areas
Disability
Infectious Diseases
Study Design
Cohort Study
Study Locations
Zambia