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Publication Details
AFRICAN RESEARCH NEXUS
SHINING A SPOTLIGHT ON AFRICAN RESEARCH
medicine
Phosphatidylethanol (PEth) as a Biomarker of Alcohol Consumption in HIV-Positive Patients in Sub-Saharan Africa
Alcoholism: Clinical and Experimental Research, Volume 36, No. 5, Year 2012
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Description
Background: Alcohol is heavily consumed in sub-Saharan Africa and affects HIV transmission and treatment and is difficult to measure. Our goal was to examine the test characteristics of a direct metabolite of alcohol consumption, phosphatidylethanol (PEth). Methods: Persons infected with HIV were recruited from a large HIV clinic in southwestern Uganda. We conducted surveys and breath alcohol concentration (BRAC) testing at 21 daily home or drinking establishment visits, and blood was collected on day 21 (n=77). PEth in whole blood was compared with prior 7-, 14-, and 21-day alcohol consumption. Results: (i) The receiver operator characteristic area under the curve (ROC-AUC) was highest for PEth versus any consumption over the prior 21days (0.92; 95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.86 to 0.97). The sensitivity for any detectable PEth was 88.0% (95% CI: 76.0 to 95.6) and the specificity was 88.5% (95% CI: 69.8 to 97.6). (ii) The ROC-AUC of PEth versus any 21-day alcohol consumption did not vary with age, body mass index, CD4 cell count, hepatitis B virus infection, and antiretroviral therapy status, but was higher for men compared with women (p=0.03). (iii) PEth measurements were correlated with several measures of alcohol consumption, including number of drinking days in the prior 21days (Spearman r=0.74, p<0.001) and BRAC (r=0.75, p<0.001). Conclusions: The data add support to the body of evidence for PEth as a useful marker of alcohol consumption with high ROC-AUC, sensitivity, and specificity. Future studies should further address the period and level of alcohol consumption for which PEth is detectable. © 2011 by the Research Society on Alcoholism.
Authors & Co-Authors
Hahn, Judith A.
United States, San Francisco
Ucsf School of Medicine
Dobkin, Loren M.
United States, San Francisco
University of California, San Francisco
Mayanja, Bernard
Uganda, Mbarara
Mbarara University of Science and Technology
Emenyonu, Nneka I.
United States, San Francisco
Ucsf School of Medicine
United States, San Francisco
University of California, San Francisco
Kigozi, Isaac M.
Uganda, Mbarara
Mbarara University of Science and Technology
Shiboski, Stephen C.
United States, San Francisco
University of California, San Francisco
Bangsberg, David R.
Uganda, Mbarara
Mbarara University of Science and Technology
United States, Boston
Massachusetts General Hospital
United States, Boston
Harvard Medical School
Gnann, Heike
Germany, Freiburg Im Breisgau
Universitätsklinikum Freiburg
Weinmann, Wolfgang
Germany, Freiburg Im Breisgau
Universitätsklinikum Freiburg
Switzerland, Bern
University of Bern
Wurst, Friedrich Martin
Austria, Salzburg
Paracelsus Medizinische Privatuniversitat
Statistics
Citations: 103
Authors: 10
Affiliations: 8
Identifiers
Doi:
10.1111/j.1530-0277.2011.01669.x
ISSN:
01456008
e-ISSN:
15300277
Research Areas
Health System And Policy
Infectious Diseases
Substance Abuse
Study Design
Cross Sectional Study
Study Locations
Uganda
Participants Gender
Male
Female