Phenotypic and Genotypic Antibiotic Resistant diarrheagenic Escherichia coli pathotypes isolated from Children with Diarrhea in Nairobi City, Kenya

Background: The marked genome plasticity of diarrheagenic Escherichia coli promotes emergence of pathotypes displaying unique phenotypic and genotypic resistance. This study examined phenotypic and genotypic antibiotic resistant diarrheagenic Escherichia coli pathotypes among children in Nairobi City, Kenya. Methods: In a cross-sectional study, diarrheagenic Escherichia coli pathotypes were isolated from stool samples and their phenotypic and genotypic resistance against eight antimicrobial agents assayed. Results: Diarrheagenic Escherichia coli was detected in 136(36.4%) children. Most of diarrheagenic Escherichia coli that were resistant to ampicillin, ceftriaxone, streptomycin, gentamycin, ciprofloxacin, chloramphenicol, erythromycin and tetracycline, harbored citm, bla CMY, aadA1, aac(3)-IV, qnr, catA, ere(A) and tet(A) corresponding resistant genes. Conclusion: Antimicrobial-resistant genes are highly prevalent among phenotypic resistant ETEC pathotypes indicating a possibility of horizontal gene transfer in spreading antibiotic resistant genes among E. coli pathotypes.