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Publication Details
AFRICAN RESEARCH NEXUS
SHINING A SPOTLIGHT ON AFRICAN RESEARCH
biochemistry, genetics and molecular biology
Range-wide genetic structure of maritime pine predates the last glacial maximum: Evidence from nuclear DNA
Hereditas, Volume 151, No. 1, Year 2014
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Description
Using nuclear simple sequence repeats (nuSSRs), we determined the genetic variability in the natural distribution range of maritime pine (Pinus pinaster) in the western Mediterranean region. We analysed the role of global and significant climatic fluctuations in driving the evolutionary diversification of this species. We attempted to determine the impact of the last glacial maximum (LGM) and human activity on genetic variation and to identify the effect of bottlenecks, admixing, migration, time to the most recent common ancestor (TMRCA), and recent splits. A total of 972 individuals were analysed. The sample represented 27 natural populations from the western Mediterranean region, which encompasses most of the natural range of P. pinaster. Using eight nuSSRs, we analysed genetic diversity indices for each population and group of populations. We also examined the interpopulation structure by the frequency and distance method and investigated genetic barriers, signals of historical demographic fluctuations, phylogeographic structure, admixing, rate of mutation, migration, as well as testing the hypothesis of isolation by distance (IBD). Both cluster analyses showed similar population genetic structure with three genetic barriers that divided the samples into four large groups. Intensive migration was only detected during the period of the last glacial maximum (LGM), which permitted the mutation rate of the markers used to be calculated. The majority of the population was found to exhibit signs of a recent bottleneck and its timing showed a clear northeast-southwest geographic distribution. A clearly defined phylogeographic structure (Nst Gst and Rst Gst) under IBD was established, and showed the highest divergence between groups of populations separated by physical barriers, such as the Strait of Gibraltar, the Mediterranean Sea and the Pyrenees. The high level of intergroup genetic differentiation (ΦIS= 20.26) was attributed to a long historical isolation (which occurred before the last 18 000 years) between the principal maritime pine population groups that occurred due to physical barriers that limited pollen and seed transfer, combined with a minimal effective radius of distribution. The low level of genetic diversity among the populations was combined with genetic drift and a recent bottleneck during the period of human activity. Significant migration across barriers was due to spontaneous phenomena during the LGM, which had no significant impact on the genetic structure owing to its relatively short duration and the fragmented species. The phylogeographic structure under the assumption of IBD was well established for P. pinaster in each of the principal population groups. © 2014 The Authors.
Authors & Co-Authors
Naydenov, Krassimir D.
Canada, St Jean-sur-richelieu
Canadian Armed Forces
Alexandrov, Alexander H.
Bulgaria, Sofia
Forest Research Institute Bulgarian Academy of Sciences
Matevski, Vlado S.
North Macedonia, Skopje
Ss Cyril and Methodius University
Vasilevski, Kole
North Macedonia, Skopje
Ss Cyril and Methodius University
Naydenov, Michel K.
North Macedonia, Skopje
Ss Cyril and Methodius University Faculty of Medicine
Gyuleva, Veselka
Bulgaria, Sofia
Forest Research Institute Bulgarian Academy of Sciences
Carcaillet, Christopher
France, Paris
École Pratique Des Hautes Études
Wahid, Nadya
Canada, Quebec
Université Laval
Kamari, Salim
Morocco, Oujda
Université Mohammed Premier Oujda
Statistics
Citations: 12
Authors: 9
Affiliations: 7
Identifiers
Doi:
10.1111/j.1601-5223.2013.00027.x
ISSN:
00180661
e-ISSN:
16015223
Research Areas
Cancer
Environmental
Genetics And Genomics
Study Design
Cross Sectional Study