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Publication Details
AFRICAN RESEARCH NEXUS
SHINING A SPOTLIGHT ON AFRICAN RESEARCH
medicine
Tuberculosis case finding for vaccine trials in young children in high-incidence settings: A randomised trial
International Journal of Tuberculosis and Lung Disease, Volume 16, No. 2, Year 2012
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Description
SETTING: A high tuberculosis (TB) burden rural area in South Africa. OBJECTIVE: To compare TB case yield and disease profile among bacille Calmette-Guérin (BCG) vaccinated children using two case-finding strategies from birth until 2 years of age. DESIGN: BCG-vaccinated infants were enrolled within 2 weeks of birth and randomised to 3-monthly home visits for questionnaire-based TB screening plus record surveillance of TB registers, hospital admission and X-ray lists at health facilities for TB suspects and cases (Group 1), or record surveillance (as above) only (Group 2). Both groups received a close-out visit after 2 years. Participants were evaluated for suspected TB disease using standardised investigations. RESULTS: A total of 4786 infants were enrolled: 2392 were randomised to Group 1 and 2394 to Group 2. The case-finding rate was significantly greater in Group 1 (2.2/100 py) than in Group 2 (0.8/100 py), with a casefinding rate ratio of 2.6 (95%CI 1.8-4.0, P < 0.001). Although the proportion of cases with bacteriological confirmation was lower in Group 1, this difference did not reach statistical significance. There was also no significant difference in the proportions with TB symptoms and signs. CONCLUSION: Home visits combined with record surveillance detected significantly more cases than record surveillance with a single study-end visit. The TB case profile did not differ significantly between the two groups. © 2012 The Union.
Authors & Co-Authors
Moyo, Sizulu
South Africa, Observatory
South African Tuberculosis Vaccine Initiative
Verver, Suzanne
Netherlands, The Hague
Kncv Tuberculosis Foundation
Netherlands, Amsterdam
Amsterdam Umc - University of Amsterdam
Hawkridge, Anthony J.
South Africa, Cape Town
Faculty of Health Sciences
Geiter, Lawrence J.
United States, Princeton
Otsuka America Pharmaceutical, Inc.
United States, Rockville
Aeras Global tb Vaccine Foundation
Hatherill, Mark
South Africa, Observatory
South African Tuberculosis Vaccine Initiative
Workman, Lesley J.
South Africa, Cape Town
University of Cape Town
Ontong, C.
South Africa, Observatory
South African Tuberculosis Vaccine Initiative
Msemburi, William T.
South Africa, Observatory
South African Tuberculosis Vaccine Initiative
Tameris, Michele D.
South Africa, Observatory
South African Tuberculosis Vaccine Initiative
Geldenhuys, Hennie D.
South Africa, Observatory
South African Tuberculosis Vaccine Initiative
Mulenga, Humphrey
South Africa, Observatory
South African Tuberculosis Vaccine Initiative
Snowden, Margaret Ann
United States, Rockville
Aeras Global tb Vaccine Foundation
Hanekom, Willem Albert
South Africa, Observatory
South African Tuberculosis Vaccine Initiative
Hussey, Greg Dudley
South Africa, Cape Town
Faculty of Health Sciences
Mahomed, Hassan
South Africa, Observatory
South African Tuberculosis Vaccine Initiative
Statistics
Citations: 23
Authors: 15
Affiliations: 7
Identifiers
Doi:
10.5588/ijtld.11.0348
ISSN:
10273719
Research Areas
Health System And Policy
Infectious Diseases
Maternal And Child Health
Study Design
Cohort Study
Study Locations
South Africa