Intravenous cannulation and administration of contrast media by radiographers: a literature review to guide the training and practice in Zambia

Background: There has been a demand for radiographers in Zambia to perform intravenous (IV) cannulation and administration of contrast media, a role which, traditionally, was radiologists’. This demand is due to a shortage of radiologists and an increase in demand for imaging examinations. This review aimed at synthesising relevant literature related to IV cannulation and administration of contrast media by radiographers to guide the training and practice in Zambia. Methods: A structured literature search was conducted in three online databases (PubMed/MEDLINE, CINAHL, and Sci-enceDirect), radiography journals, and cited references to identify research studies on IV cannulation and administration of contrast media by radiographers. Results: Seven studies were identified and included in this review. The findings are summarised under six themes: benefits and challenges, adoption of the extended role, infection control, safety and complications, medico-legal issues, and education and training. Our findings revealed that radiographer-led IV cannulation and administration of contrast media contribute positively to the management of imaging patients. Conclusion: The themes identified in this review could provide a template of where to base the establishment of the training programme and local guidelines. Before extending the role of radiographers, the scope of practice should be extended, and accredited training programme and local guidelines should be put in place.