Skip to content
Home
About Us
Resources
Profiles Metrics
Authors Directory
Institutions Directory
Top Authors
Top Institutions
Top Sponsors
AI Digest
Contact Us
Menu
Home
About Us
Resources
Profiles Metrics
Authors Directory
Institutions Directory
Top Authors
Top Institutions
Top Sponsors
AI Digest
Contact Us
Home
About Us
Resources
Profiles Metrics
Authors Directory
Institutions Directory
Top Authors
Top Institutions
Top Sponsors
AI Digest
Contact Us
Menu
Home
About Us
Resources
Profiles Metrics
Authors Directory
Institutions Directory
Top Authors
Top Institutions
Top Sponsors
AI Digest
Contact Us
Publication Details
AFRICAN RESEARCH NEXUS
SHINING A SPOTLIGHT ON AFRICAN RESEARCH
immunology and microbiology
National tuberculosis prevalence surveys in Africa, 2008–2016: an overview of results and lessons learned
Tropical Medicine and International Health, Volume 25, No. 11, Year 2020
Notification
URL copied to clipboard!
Description
Objective and methods: Worldwide, tuberculosis (TB) is the leading cause of death from a single infectious agent. In many countries, national TB prevalence surveys are the only way to reliably measure the burden of TB disease and can also provide other evidence to inform national efforts to improve TB detection and treatment. Our objective was to synthesise the results and lessons learned from national surveys completed in Africa between 2008 and 2016, to complement a previous review for Asia. Results: Twelve surveys completed in Africa were identified: Ethiopia (2010–2011), Gambia (2011–2013), Ghana (2013), Kenya (2015–2016), Malawi (2013–2014), Nigeria (2012), Rwanda (2012), Sudan (2013–2014), Tanzania (2011–2012), Uganda (2014–2015), Zambia (2013–2014) and Zimbabwe (2014). The eligible population in all surveys was people aged ≥15 years who met residency criteria. In total 588 105 individuals participated, equivalent to 82% (range 57–96%) of those eligible. The prevalence of bacteriologically confirmed pulmonary TB disease in those ≥15 years varied from 119 (95% CI 79–160) per 100 000 population in Rwanda and 638 (95% CI 502–774) per 100 000 population in Zambia. The male:female ratio was 2.0 overall, ranging from 1.2 (Ethiopia) to 4.1 (Uganda). Prevalence per 100 000 population generally increased with age, but the absolute number of cases was usually highest among those aged 35–44 years. Of identified TB cases, 44% (95% CI 40–49) did not report TB symptoms during screening and were only identified as eligible for diagnostic testing due to an abnormal chest X-ray. The overall ratio of prevalence to case notifications was 2.5 (95% CI 1.8–3.2) and was consistently higher for men than women. Many participants who did report TB symptoms had not sought care; those that had were more likely to seek care in a public health facility. HIV prevalence was systematically lower among prevalent cases than officially notified TB patients with an overall ratio of 0.5 (95% CI 0.3–0.7). The two main study limitations were that none of the surveys included people <15 years, and 5 of 12 surveys did not have data on HIV status. Conclusions: National TB prevalence surveys implemented in Africa between 2010 and 2016 have contributed substantial new evidence about the burden of TB disease, its distribution by age and sex, and gaps in TB detection and treatment. Policies and practices to improve access to health services and reduce under-reporting of detected TB cases are needed, especially among men. All surveys provide a valuable baseline for future assessment of trends in TB disease burden. © 2020 John Wiley & Sons Ltd.
Authors & Co-Authors
Law, Irwin
Switzerland, Geneva
Organisation Mondiale de la Santé
Floyd, Katherine
Switzerland, Geneva
Organisation Mondiale de la Santé
Addo, Kennedy Kwasi
Switzerland, Geneva
Organisation Mondiale de la Santé
Adetifa, Ifedayo Morayo O.
Switzerland, Geneva
Organisation Mondiale de la Santé
Alebachew, Zeleke
Switzerland, Geneva
Organisation Mondiale de la Santé
Banda, Rhoda P.
Switzerland, Geneva
Organisation Mondiale de la Santé
Bashorun, Adedapo Olufemi
Switzerland, Geneva
Organisation Mondiale de la Santé
Bloss, Emily
Switzerland, Geneva
Organisation Mondiale de la Santé
Bonsu, Frank Adae
Switzerland, Geneva
Organisation Mondiale de la Santé
Chanda-Kapata, Pascalina
Switzerland, Geneva
Organisation Mondiale de la Santé
Demba, Edward
Switzerland, Geneva
Organisation Mondiale de la Santé
Elegail, Asrar Mohamed Abdalsalam
Switzerland, Geneva
Organisation Mondiale de la Santé
Eltigany, Mai
Switzerland, Geneva
Organisation Mondiale de la Santé
Ershova, Julia V.
Switzerland, Geneva
Organisation Mondiale de la Santé
Gasana, Michel
Switzerland, Geneva
Organisation Mondiale de la Santé
Girma, Belaineh
Switzerland, Geneva
Organisation Mondiale de la Santé
Glaziou, Philippe H.
Switzerland, Geneva
Organisation Mondiale de la Santé
Kalisvaart, Nico A.
Switzerland, Geneva
Organisation Mondiale de la Santé
Kamara, Deus Vedastus
Switzerland, Geneva
Organisation Mondiale de la Santé
Kapata, Nathan
Switzerland, Geneva
Organisation Mondiale de la Santé
Kasozi, Samuel
Switzerland, Geneva
Organisation Mondiale de la Santé
Kebede, Amha H.
Switzerland, Geneva
Organisation Mondiale de la Santé
Kendall, Lindsay K.
Switzerland, Geneva
Organisation Mondiale de la Santé
Kipruto, Hillary Kipchumba
Switzerland, Geneva
Organisation Mondiale de la Santé
Kirenga, Bruce James
Switzerland, Geneva
Organisation Mondiale de la Santé
Klinkenberg, Eveline
Switzerland, Geneva
Organisation Mondiale de la Santé
Linda, Christopher
Switzerland, Geneva
Organisation Mondiale de la Santé
Masini, Enos O.
Switzerland, Geneva
Organisation Mondiale de la Santé
Matambo, Ronnie
Switzerland, Geneva
Organisation Mondiale de la Santé
Mfinanga, Sayoki Godfrey Mrinde
Switzerland, Geneva
Organisation Mondiale de la Santé
Migambi, Patrick
Switzerland, Geneva
Organisation Mondiale de la Santé
Moonan, Patrick K.
Switzerland, Geneva
Organisation Mondiale de la Santé
Mpunga, James U.
Switzerland, Geneva
Organisation Mondiale de la Santé
Mugabe, Frank Rwabinumi
Switzerland, Geneva
Organisation Mondiale de la Santé
Munthali, Alister C.
Switzerland, Geneva
Organisation Mondiale de la Santé
Mutsvangwa, Junior
Switzerland, Geneva
Organisation Mondiale de la Santé
Nkhoma, Wilfred C.
Switzerland, Geneva
Organisation Mondiale de la Santé
Obasanya, Joshua Olusegun
Switzerland, Geneva
Organisation Mondiale de la Santé
Omoleke, Semeeh Akinwale
Switzerland, Geneva
Organisation Mondiale de la Santé
Onozaki, Ikushi
Switzerland, Geneva
Organisation Mondiale de la Santé
Patrobas, Phillip
Switzerland, Geneva
Organisation Mondiale de la Santé
Ong'ang'o, Jane Rahedi
Switzerland, Geneva
Organisation Mondiale de la Santé
Rutebemberwa, Elizeus
Switzerland, Geneva
Organisation Mondiale de la Santé
Sandy, Charles
Switzerland, Geneva
Organisation Mondiale de la Santé
Senkoro, Mbazi
Switzerland, Geneva
Organisation Mondiale de la Santé
Sismanidis, Charalambos
Switzerland, Geneva
Organisation Mondiale de la Santé
Sitienei, Joseph K.
Switzerland, Geneva
Organisation Mondiale de la Santé
Tadolini, Marina
Switzerland, Geneva
Organisation Mondiale de la Santé
Timimi, Hazim
Switzerland, Geneva
Organisation Mondiale de la Santé
Tsegaye, Fasil
Switzerland, Geneva
Organisation Mondiale de la Santé
Uwizeye, Claude Bernard
Switzerland, Geneva
Organisation Mondiale de la Santé
Yamada, Norino
Switzerland, Geneva
Organisation Mondiale de la Santé
Statistics
Citations: 21
Authors: 52
Affiliations: 1
Identifiers
Doi:
10.1111/tmi.13485
ISSN:
13602276
Research Areas
Health System And Policy
Infectious Diseases
Study Design
Cross Sectional Study
Study Locations
Ethiopia
Gambia
Ghana
Kenya
Malawi
Nigeria
Rwanda
Sudan
Tanzania
Uganda
Zambia
Zimbabwe
Participants Gender
Male
Female