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Publication Details
AFRICAN RESEARCH NEXUS
SHINING A SPOTLIGHT ON AFRICAN RESEARCH
medicine
Effect of ethnicity and sex on the growth of the axial and appendicular skeleton of children living in a developing country
American Journal of Physical Anthropology, Volume 130, No. 1, Year 2006
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Description
Bones in the axial and appendicular skeletons exhibit heterogeneous growth patterns between different ethnic and sex groups. However, the influence of this differential growth on the expression of bone mineral content is not yet established. The aims of the present study were to investigate: 1) whether there are ethnic and sex differences in axial and appendicular dimensions of South African children; and 2) whether regional segment length is a better predictor of bone mass than stature. Anthropometric measurements of stature, weight, sitting height, and limb lengths were taken on 368 black and white, male and female 9-year-old children. DXA (dual-energy x-ray absorptiometry) scans of the distal ulna, distal radius, and hip and lumbar spine were also obtained. Analyses of covariance were performed to assess differences in limb lengths, adjusted for differences in stature. Multiple regression analyses were used to assess significant predictors of site-specific bone mass. Stature-adjusted means of limb lengths show that black boys have longer legs and humeri hut shorter trunks than white boys. In addition, black children have longer forearms than white children, and girls have longer thighs than boys. The regression analysis demonstrated that site-specific bone mass was more strongly associated with regional segment length than stature, but this had little effect on the overall pattern of ethnic and sex differences. In conclusion, there is a differential effect of ethnicity and sex on the growth of the axial and appendicular skeletons, and regional segment length is a better predictor of site-specific bone mass than stature. © 2005 Wiley-Liss, Inc.
Authors & Co-Authors
Nyati, Lukhanyo H.
South Africa, Johannesburg
University of the Witwatersrand
South Africa, Johannesburg
Chris Hani Baragwanath Hospital
Norris, Shane A.
South Africa, Johannesburg
University of the Witwatersrand
Cameron, Noel
United Kingdom, Loughborough
Loughborough University
Pettifor, John M.
South Africa, Johannesburg
University of the Witwatersrand
Statistics
Citations: 48
Authors: 4
Affiliations: 3
Identifiers
Doi:
10.1002/ajpa.20318
ISSN:
00029483
e-ISSN:
10968644
Research Areas
Maternal And Child Health
Study Approach
Quantitative
Participants Gender
Male
Female