Diagnosis of Central Venous Catheter-Related Sepsis: Critical Level of Quantitative Tip Cultures

The results of a simplified quantitative broth dilution quantitative tip culture (QTC) of 331 central venous catheters were compared with clinical data prospectively recorded in critically ill patients to diagnose bacteremic or nonbacteremic catheter-related sepsis (CRS) (36 catheters), as opposed to contamination (42 catheters) or simple colonization from a distant septic focus (seven catheters). Thirty-five of 36 catheters associated with CRS yielded 103 colony-forming units per milliliter (CFU/mL) or more, and 3.8 × 102 Candida organisms grew from one. In contrast, 5 × 102 CFU/mL or less grew from 37 of 42 contaminated catheters. A QTC of 103 CFU/mL or more was 97.5% sensitive and 88% specific for the diagnosis of CRS. The QTC appeared especially useful for the diagnosis of CRS secondary to blood-borne seeding of catheters, or associated with coagulase-negative staphylococci. © 1987, American Medical Association. All rights reserved.