Estimation of Interleukin-1β Promoter (−31 C/T and −511 T/C) Polymorphisms and Its Level in Coronary Artery Disease Patients

Interleukin-1β (IL-1β) is an inflammation-causing cytokine that exerts several unique biological effects and could lead to future adverse events of CAD. The piece of work presented herein is aimed at investigating possible association of IL-1β levels to its polymorphic site viz. −511 and −31 at promoter region in Saudi CAD patients. The study included 155 confirmed CAD patients and 80 healthy control individuals both men and women. Concentration of IL-1β in the patients’ serum was measured by ELISA method. For single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) analysis, sanger method of DNA sequencing was followed. We observed variable numbers of SNPs at −31 C/T and −511 T/C promoter regions in Saudi patients suffering from CAD in comparison to the control set of individuals. However, the changes in the number of SNP-hotspots were determined to be non-significant with reference to the control set. The haplotype analysis at −31 and −511 also did not show any significant changes between control and CAD patients. Moreover, serum IL-1β levels were observed to be expressively higher in patients suffering from CAD (P < 0.001) and its associated complications viz. STEMI (P < 0.001), NSTEMI (P < 0.001), and UA (P < 0.001). Our study provides the status of SNPs at IL-1β promoter in Saudi population. As per our information, ours is the first article that shows the genetic diversity in IL-1β promoters and its level in the Saudi CAD patients. J. Cell. Biochem. 118: 2977–2982, 2017. © 2017 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.