Fabrication of selective and sensitive Pb ²⁺ detection by 2,2′-(−(1,2-phenylenebis(azaneylylidene))bis(methaneylylidene))diphenol by electrochemical approach for environmental remediation

The Tetradentate Schiff base was easily prepared from o-phenylenediamine and salicylaldehyde and used as a ligand for the detection of heavy metal ions in phosphate buffer medium by electrochemical approach. To fabricate the selective lead (Pb 2+ ) ion sensor, a slurry of the synthesized 2,2′-(−(1,2-phenylenebis(azaneylylidene))bis(methaneylylidene))diphenol (TDL) ligand was deposited onto glassy carbon electrode (GCE) as uniform thin-layer. The calibration curve of the proposed Pb 2+ ion sensor in form of a current vs. concentration plot is found to be linear over Pb 2+ ion concentration range (0.1 nM ~ 0.01 mM). The sensitivity of the sensor is very high (8.84 μAμM −1 cm −2 ) and detection limit is as low as 98.02 ± 0.50 pM (Limit of quantification is 316.73 pM). The projected Pb 2+ sensor with active TDL shows reliability, precise reproducibility and short response time (16.0 s.) during sensing performances. Above all, it was showed successive applicability to detect the real environmental samples. In the field sensor development, this methodology using TDL onto GCE might be ae efficient and reliable innovative technique for the detection of heavy metal ions by electrochemical methods.