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Publication Details
AFRICAN RESEARCH NEXUS
SHINING A SPOTLIGHT ON AFRICAN RESEARCH
biochemistry, genetics and molecular biology
Homologous Ad26.COV2.S vaccination results in reduced boosting of humoral responses in hybrid immunity, but elicits antibodies of similar magnitude regardless of prior infection
PLoS Pathogens, Volume 19, No. 11, Article e1011772, Year 2023
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Description
The impact of previous SARS-CoV-2 infection on the durability of Ad26.COV2.S vaccine-elicited responses, and the effect of homologous boosting has not been well explored. We followed a cohort of healthcare workers for 6 months after receiving the Ad26.COV2.S vaccine and a further one month after they received an Ad26.COV2.S booster dose. We assessed longitudinal spike-specific antibody and T cell responses in individuals who had never had SARS-CoV-2 infection, compared to those who were infected with either the D614G or Beta variants prior to vaccination. Antibody and T cell responses elicited by the primary dose were durable against several variants of concern over the 6 month follow-up period, regardless of infection history. However, at 6 months after first vaccination, antibody binding, neutralization and ADCC were as much as 59-fold higher in individuals with hybrid immunity compared to those with no prior infection. Antibody cross-reactivity profiles of the previously infected groups were similar at 6 months, unlike at earlier time points, suggesting that the effect of immune imprinting diminishes by 6 months. Importantly, an Ad26.COV2.S booster dose increased the magnitude of the antibody response in individuals with no prior infection to similar levels as those with previous infection. The magnitude of spike T cell responses and proportion of T cell responders remained stable after homologous boosting concomitant with a significant increase in long-lived early differentiated CD4 memory T cells. Thus, these data highlight that multiple antigen exposures, whether through infection and vaccination or vaccination alone, result in similar boosts after Ad26.COV2.S vaccination. © 2023 Moyo-Gwete et al. This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited.
Authors & Co-Authors
Moyo-Gwete, Thandeka
South Africa, Tygerberg
South African Medical Research Council
South Africa, Johannesburg
National Health Laboratory Service
Richardson, Simone I.
South Africa, Tygerberg
South African Medical Research Council
South Africa, Johannesburg
National Health Laboratory Service
Keeton, Roanne S.
South Africa, Cape Town
University of Cape Town
Hermanus, Tandile
South Africa, Tygerberg
South African Medical Research Council
South Africa, Johannesburg
National Health Laboratory Service
Spencer, Holly
South Africa, Tygerberg
South African Medical Research Council
South Africa, Johannesburg
National Health Laboratory Service
Manamela, Nelia P.
South Africa, Tygerberg
South African Medical Research Council
South Africa, Johannesburg
National Health Laboratory Service
Ayres, Frances
South Africa, Tygerberg
South African Medical Research Council
South Africa, Johannesburg
National Health Laboratory Service
Makhado, Zanele
South Africa, Tygerberg
South African Medical Research Council
South Africa, Johannesburg
National Health Laboratory Service
Motlou, Thopisang P.
South Africa, Tygerberg
South African Medical Research Council
South Africa, Johannesburg
National Health Laboratory Service
Tincho, Marius Belmondo
South Africa, Cape Town
University of Cape Town
Benede, Ntombi
South Africa, Cape Town
University of Cape Town
Ngomti, Amkele
South Africa, Cape Town
University of Cape Town
Baguma, Richard
South Africa, Cape Town
University of Cape Town
Chauke, Masego V.
South Africa, Cape Town
University of Cape Town
Mennen, Mathilda
South Africa, Cape Town
University of Cape Town
South Africa, Tygerberg
South African Medical Research Council
Adriaanse, Marguerite
South Africa, Cape Town
University of Cape Town
South Africa, Tygerberg
South African Medical Research Council
Skelem, Sango
South Africa, Cape Town
University of Cape Town
South Africa, Tygerberg
South African Medical Research Council
Goga, Ameena Ebrahim
South Africa, Tygerberg
South African Medical Research Council
Garrett, Nigel J.
South Africa, Congella
Centre for the Aids Programme of Research in South Africa
South Africa, Durban
University of Kwazulu-natal
Bekker, Linda-Gail Gail
South Africa, Cape Town
University of Cape Town
South Africa, Cape Town
Desmond Tutu Health Foundation
Gray, Glenda E.
South Africa, Tygerberg
South African Medical Research Council
Ntusi, Ntobeko A.B.
South Africa, Cape Town
University of Cape Town
South Africa, Tygerberg
South African Medical Research Council
South Africa, Cape Town
Wellcome Centre for Infectious Diseases Research in Africa
Riou, Catherine
South Africa, Cape Town
University of Cape Town
South Africa, Cape Town
Wellcome Centre for Infectious Diseases Research in Africa
Burgers, Wendy A.
South Africa, Cape Town
University of Cape Town
South Africa, Cape Town
Wellcome Centre for Infectious Diseases Research in Africa
Moore, Penny L.
South Africa, Tygerberg
South African Medical Research Council
South Africa, Johannesburg
National Health Laboratory Service
South Africa, Cape Town
University of Cape Town
South Africa, Congella
Centre for the Aids Programme of Research in South Africa
Statistics
Authors: 25
Affiliations: 7
Identifiers
Doi:
10.1371/journal.ppat.1011772
ISSN:
15537366
Research Areas
Health System And Policy
Study Design
Cohort Study