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Publication Details
AFRICAN RESEARCH NEXUS
SHINING A SPOTLIGHT ON AFRICAN RESEARCH
chemistry
Predictors of tetrabromobisphenol-A (TBBP-A) and hexabromocyclododecanes (HBCD) in milk from Boston mothers
Environmental Science and Technology, Volume 46, No. 21, Year 2012
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Description
Tetrabromobisphenol-A (TBBP-A) and hexabromocyclododecanes (HBCDs) are brominated flame retardants that have been found in human milk and serum throughout the world, but have received comparatively little attention in the United States. The objective of this study is to determine concentrations of these analytes in samples of breast milk collected from first-time mothers in the Greater Boston, Massachusetts area and to explore predictors of exposure. Human milk samples were analyzed by LC-ESI-MS/MS for TBBP-A, HBCDs (the α, β, and γ diastereomers), and HBCD degradation products: pentabromocyclododecanes (PBCDs) and tetrabromocyclododecadienes (TBCDs). HBCD diastereomers were detected in all samples with α-HBCD present in the highest proportion. TBBP-A, PBCDs, and TBCDs were detected in 35%, 42%, and 56% of the analyzed samples, respectively. Self-reported demographic, dietary and behavioral data were examined as predictors of HBCD levels. Levels of HBCD were significantly, positively associated with the number of stereo and video electronics in the home (17% increase/item; 95% Confidence Interval (CI) = 4-31%) and reduced in participants who regularly chose organic foods compared to those who did not (0.51, 95% CI = 0.32-0.82). These results suggest that lifestyle factors are related to body burdens of HBCD and that domestic electronics may be an important source of HBCD exposure in the indoor environment. © 2012 American Chemical Society.
Authors & Co-Authors
Carignan, Courtney C.
United States, Boston
School of Public Health
Abdallah, Mohamed Abou Elwafa
Egypt, Asyut
Faculty of Pharmacy
United Kingdom, Birmingham
University of Birmingham
Wu, Nerissa
United States, Sacramento
California Department of Health Services
Heiger-Bernays, Wendy
United States, Boston
School of Public Health
McClean, Michael D.
United States, Boston
School of Public Health
Harrad, Stuart J.
United Kingdom, Birmingham
University of Birmingham
Webster, Thomas F.
United States, Boston
School of Public Health
Statistics
Citations: 86
Authors: 7
Affiliations: 4
Identifiers
Doi:
10.1021/es302638d
ISSN:
0013936X
e-ISSN:
15205851
Research Areas
Maternal And Child Health