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Publication Details
AFRICAN RESEARCH NEXUS
SHINING A SPOTLIGHT ON AFRICAN RESEARCH
A global overview of the genetic and functional diversity in the helicobacter pylori cag pathogenicity island
PLoS Genetics, Volume 6, No. 8, Year 2010
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Description
The Helicobacter pylori cag pathogenicity island (cagPAI) encodes a type IV secretion system. Humans infected with cagPAI-carrying H. pylori are at increased risk for sequelae such as gastric cancer. Housekeeping genes in H. pylori show considerable genetic diversity; but the diversity of virulence factors such as the cagPAI, which transports the bacterial oncogene CagA into host cells, has not been systematically investigated. Here we compared the complete cagPAI sequences for 38 representative isolates from all known H. pylori biogeographic populations. Their gene content and gene order were highly conserved. The phylogeny of most cagPAI genes was similar to that of housekeeping genes, indicating that the cagPAI was probably acquired only once by H. pylori, and its genetic diversity reflects the isolation by distance that has shaped this bacterial species since modern humans migrated out of Africa. Most isolates induced IL-8 release in gastric epithelial cells, indicating that the function of the Cag secretion system has been conserved despite some genetic rearrangements. More than one third of cagPAI genes, in particular those encoding cell-surface exposed proteins, showed signatures of diversifying (Darwinian) selection at more than 5% of codons. Several unknown gene products predicted to be under Darwinian selection are also likely to be secreted proteins (e.g. HP0522, HP0535). One of these, HP0535, is predicted to code for either a new secreted candidate effector protein or a protein which interacts with CagA because it contains two genetic lineages, similar to cagA. Our study provides a resource that can guide future research on the biological roles and host interactions of cagPAI proteins, including several whose function is still unknown.© 2010 Olbermann et al.
Available Materials
https://efashare.b-cdn.net/share/pmc/articles/PMC2924317/bin/pgen.1001069.s001.pdf
https://efashare.b-cdn.net/share/pmc/articles/PMC2924317/bin/pgen.1001069.s002.xls
https://efashare.b-cdn.net/share/pmc/articles/PMC2924317/bin/pgen.1001069.s003.xls
https://efashare.b-cdn.net/share/pmc/articles/PMC2924317/bin/pgen.1001069.s004.xls
https://efashare.b-cdn.net/share/pmc/articles/PMC2924317/bin/pgen.1001069.s005.doc
https://efashare.b-cdn.net/share/pmc/articles/PMC2924317/bin/pgen.1001069.s006.xls
https://efashare.b-cdn.net/share/pmc/articles/PMC2924317/bin/pgen.1001069.s007.doc
Authors & Co-Authors
Moodley, Yoshan
Germany, Berlin
Max Planck Institute for Infection Biology
Austria, Vienna
Konrad Lorenz Institute for Ethology
Stamer, Christiana
Germany, Berlin
Max Planck Institute for Infection Biology
Suerbaum, Sebastian
Germany, Hannover
Hannover Medical School
Achtman, Mark
Germany, Berlin
Max Planck Institute for Infection Biology
Ireland, Cork
University College Cork
Linz, Bodo
Germany, Berlin
Max Planck Institute for Infection Biology
United States, University Park
Pennsylvania State University
Statistics
Citations: 168
Authors: 5
Affiliations: 6
Identifiers
Doi:
10.1371/journal.pgen.1001069
ISSN:
15537404
Research Areas
Cancer
Genetics And Genomics