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Publication Details
AFRICAN RESEARCH NEXUS
SHINING A SPOTLIGHT ON AFRICAN RESEARCH
medicine
Epidemiology and treatment outcomes of diabetic retinopathy in a diabetic population from Cameroon
BMC Ophthalmology, Volume 14, No. 1, Article 19, Year 2014
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Description
Background: Diabetic retinopathy (DR) is the most common microvascular complication of diabetes. It can lead to significant visual loss. The aim of this study was to determine the frequency and clinical profile of diabetic retinopathy, and assess the outcomes of laser photocoagulation therapy in a diabetic population in Cameroon. Methods. We carried out a prospective cohort study during 24 months in the Department of Ophthalmology of the Douala General Hospital, Cameroon. We included all diabetic patients who were referred from diabetes clinics for ophthalmologic evaluation. Data included type and duration of diabetes, visual acuity, intra-ocular pressure, results of fundoscopy and fluorescein angiography, and outcomes two months after treatment with laser photocoagulation. Results: We included 407 patients; 88% had type 2 diabetes. Their mean duration of diabetes was 6.4 years (SD=6.6). Forty point three percent (164/407) of patients were found to have DR on fundoscopy. Of the 164 patients with DR, 63.4% (104/164) had non-proliferative and 36.6% (60/164) had proliferative DR. Diabetic maculopathy was found in 14.5% (59/407) of all participants, and 36% (59/164) of patients with DR. There was a strong correlation between the duration of diabetes and retinopathy status (p < 0.001, r = 0.9541). Overall, 17.4% (71/407) of patients were eligible for laser photocoagulation. Of these, 66.2% (47/71) were treated, and 78.7% (37/47) of treated patients came back for control two months later. Among these treated patients an improvement of the retinopathy was noted in 73% (27/37), no change in 16.2% (6/37) and a worsening in 10.8% (4/37). Severe proliferative DR was significantly associated with treatment failure (p < 0.001). Conclusions: The frequency of DR may be high among diabetic patients in Cameroon. There was a good uptake of laser photocoagulation therapy among patients affected by DR in our setting, with good treatment outcomes. Interventions to prevent diabetes and increase the precocity of diagnosis and treatment of DR should be scaled up. © 2014 Jingi et al.; licensee BioMed Central Ltd.
Authors & Co-Authors
Jingi, Ahmadou Musa
Cameroon, Yaounde
Université de Yaoundé I
Noubiap, Jean Jacques
Cameroon
Edéa Regional Hospital
Ellong, Augustin
Cameroon, Yaounde
Université de Yaoundé I
Bigna, Jean Joel R.
Cameroon
Goulfey District Hospital
Ebana Mvogo, Côme
Cameroon, Yaounde
Université de Yaoundé I
Statistics
Citations: 35
Authors: 5
Affiliations: 3
Identifiers
Doi:
10.1186/1471-2415-14-19
e-ISSN:
14712415
Research Areas
Health System And Policy
Noncommunicable Diseases
Study Design
Cross Sectional Study
Cohort Study
Study Approach
Quantitative
Study Locations
Cameroon