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Publication Details
AFRICAN RESEARCH NEXUS
SHINING A SPOTLIGHT ON AFRICAN RESEARCH
medicine
HIV prevalence and incidence in rural Tanzania: Results from 10 years of follow-up in an open-cohort study
Journal of Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndromes, Volume 46, No. 5, Year 2007
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Description
BACKGROUND: Tanzanian antenatal clinic surveillance data suggest stabilizing HIV levels. Data from an open cohort in northern Tanzania provide robust estimates of prevalence and incidence. METHODS: Between 1994 and 2004, 19 rounds of household-based demographic surveillance and 4 rounds of individually linked HIV serologic surveys were conducted. Longitudinal knowledge of individuals' testing histories is used to allow for effects of selective participation on prevalence estimates; multiple imputation procedures allow for interval censoring effects on incidence. RESULTS: A total of 16,820 adults donated blood for HIV testing in at least 1 of 4 serologic surveys. HIV prevalence increased steadily from 6.0% in 1994/1995 to 8.3% in 2000/2001, leveling out thereafter. HIV incidence increased sharply from 0.8% in 1994 to 1997 to 1.2% per thousand in 1997 to 2000, remaining high (1.1%) in 2000 to 2003. In roadside areas, incidence fell in the last interval, especially among women, but in remote rural areas, incidence rose slightly. CONCLUSIONS: HIV spread is continuing in rural areas, suggesting a need for more intensive HIV prevention efforts and antiretroviral interventions. The leveling off in prevalence is attributable to a combination of high mortality among HIV-infected persons and a slight decrease in incidence in roadside villages. © 2007 Lippincott Williams & Wilkins, Inc.
Authors & Co-Authors
Wambura, Mwita
Unknown Affiliation
Urassa, Mark S.
Unknown Affiliation
Isingo, Raphael
Unknown Affiliation
Ndege, M.
Unknown Affiliation
Marston, Milly
Unknown Affiliation
Slaymaker, Emma
Unknown Affiliation
Mngara, Julius T.
Unknown Affiliation
Changalucha, John M.
Unknown Affiliation
Boerma, Ties
Unknown Affiliation
Zaba, Basia W.
Unknown Affiliation
Statistics
Citations: 66
Authors: 10
Affiliations: 5
Identifiers
Doi:
10.1097/QAI.0b013e31815a571a
ISSN:
15254135
Research Areas
Health System And Policy
Infectious Diseases
Maternal And Child Health
Study Design
Cross Sectional Study
Cohort Study
Study Approach
Quantitative
Study Locations
Tanzania
Participants Gender
Female