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Publication Details
AFRICAN RESEARCH NEXUS
SHINING A SPOTLIGHT ON AFRICAN RESEARCH
medicine
Facial dysmorphism across the fetal alcohol spectrum
Pediatrics, Volume 131, No. 3, Year 2013
Notification
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Description
Objective: Classic facial characteristics of fetal alcohol syndrome (FAS) are shortened palpebral fissures, smooth philtrum, and thin upper vermillion. We aim to help pediatricians detect facial dysmorphism across the fetal alcohol spectrum, especially among nonsyndromal heavily exposed (HE) individuals without classic facial characteristics. Methods: Of 192 Cape Coloured children recruited, 69 were born to women who reported abstaining from alcohol during pregnancy. According to multifaceted criteria, the remainder were allocated clinically to the FAS (n = 22), partial FAS (n = 26) or nonsyndromal HE (n = 75) categories. We used dense surface modeling and signature analyses of 3-dimensional facial photographs to determine agreement between clinical categorization and classifications induced from face shape alone, to visualize facial differences, and to consider predictive links between face shape and neurobehavior. Results: Face classification achieved significant agreement with clinical categories for discrimination of nonexposed from FAS alone (face: 0.97-1.00; profile: 0.92) or with the addition of partial FAS (face: 0.90; profile: 0.92). Visualizations of face signatures delineated dysmorphism across the fetal alcohol spectrum and in half of the nonsyndromal HE category face signature graphs detected facial characteristics consistent with prenatal alcohol exposure. This subgroup performed less well on IQ and learning tests than did nonsyndromal subjects without classic facial characteristics. Conclusions: Heat maps and morphing visualizations of face signatures may help clinicians detect facial dysmorphism across the fetal alcohol spectrum. Face signature graphs show potential for identifying nonsyndromal heavily exposed children who lack the classic facial phenotype but have cognitive impairment. Copyright © 2013 by the American Academy of Pediatrics.
Available Materials
https://efashare.b-cdn.net/share/pmc/articles/PMC3581841/bin/supp_131_3_e779__index.html
https://efashare.b-cdn.net/share/pmc/articles/PMC3581841/bin/peds.2012-1371_peds.2012-1371SupplementaryData.pdf
Authors & Co-Authors
Suttie, Michael
United Kingdom, London
Ucl Great Ormond Street Institute of Child Health
Foroud, Tatiana M.
United States, Indianapolis
Indiana University School of Medicine
Wetherill, Leah Flury
United States, Indianapolis
Indiana University School of Medicine
Jacobson, Joseph L.
United States, Detroit
Wayne State University School of Medicine
South Africa, Cape Town
Faculty of Health Sciences
Molteno, Christopher D.
South Africa, Cape Town
Faculty of Health Sciences
Meintjes, Ernesta M.
Unknown Affiliation
Hoyme, H. Eugene
United States, Sioux Falls
Sanford School of Medicine
Khaole, Nathaniel C.O.
Unknown Affiliation
Robinson, Luther K.
United States, Buffalo
University at Buffalo, the State University of new York
Riley, Edward Patrick
United States, San Diego
Sdsu College of Sciences
Jacobson, Sandra W.
United States, Detroit
Wayne State University School of Medicine
South Africa, Cape Town
Faculty of Health Sciences
Hammond, Peter
United Kingdom, London
Ucl Great Ormond Street Institute of Child Health
Statistics
Citations: 12
Authors: 12
Affiliations: 7
Identifiers
Doi:
10.1542/peds.2012-1371
ISSN:
00314005
e-ISSN:
10984275
Research Areas
Maternal And Child Health
Sexual And Reproductive Health
Substance Abuse
Participants Gender
Female