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Publication Details
AFRICAN RESEARCH NEXUS
SHINING A SPOTLIGHT ON AFRICAN RESEARCH
medicine
Improved thymic function in exclusively breastfed infants is associated with higher interleukin 7 concentrations in their mothers' breast milk
American Journal of Clinical Nutrition, Volume 80, No. 3, Year 2004
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Description
Background: In rural Gambians, the season of birth strongly predicts adult mortality. Those born during the harvest season have longer life spans than do those born during the hungry season, and the deaths associated with infectious diseases suggest permanent early-life influences on immunity. Thymic measurements showed significantly smaller thymuses in infants born during the hungry season than in those born during the harvest season. The differences were greatest at 8 wk of age, a time when all infants were exclusively breastfed, which suggests the involvement of breast milk factors. Objective: This study tested whether thymic size differences reflect thymic output and ascertained whether thymic output is associated with breast milk interleukin 7 (IL-7) concentrations. Design: We studied thymic size and output in a prospective cohort of 138 Gambian infants born in either the hungry or the harvest season by measuring signal-joint T cell receptor-rearrangement excision circles (sjTRECs) at birth and at 8 wk of age. IL-7 concentrations in breast milk were measured by using an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Results: By age 8 wk, those born in the hungry season had significantly lower sjTREC counts than did those born in the harvest season (0.97 and 2.12 sjTRECs/100 T cells, respectively; P = 0.006). At 1 wk postpartum, the breast milk of mothers of infants born in the hungry season had significantly lower IL-7 than did that of mothers of infants born in the harvest season (79 and 100 pg/mL, respectively; P = 0.02). The findings were similar at 8 wk postpartum. Conclusion: These data show a plausible pathway linking external seasonal insults to mothers with thymic development in their infants, which suggests possible implications for long-term programming of immunity. © 2004 American Society for Clinical Nutrition.
Authors & Co-Authors
Ngom, Pa Tamba
United Kingdom, London
Chelsea and Westminster Hospital
United Kingdom, London
Medical Research Council
Gambia
Gmb
Collinson, Andrew C.
United Kingdom, London
Medical Research Council
Gambia
Gmb
Pido-Lopez, Jeffrey
United Kingdom, London
Chelsea and Westminster Hospital
Henson, Sian M.
United Kingdom, London
Chelsea and Westminster Hospital
Prentice, Andrew M.
United Kingdom, London
Medical Research Council
Gambia
Gmb
Aspinall, Richard
United Kingdom, London
Chelsea and Westminster Hospital
Statistics
Citations: 107
Authors: 6
Affiliations: 3
Identifiers
Doi:
10.1093/ajcn/80.3.722
ISSN:
00029165
Research Areas
Food Security
Maternal And Child Health
Study Design
Cohort Study