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Publication Details
AFRICAN RESEARCH NEXUS
SHINING A SPOTLIGHT ON AFRICAN RESEARCH
medicine
Primary effusion lymphoma associated with Human Herpes Virus-8 and Epstein Barr virus in an HIV-infected woman from Kampala, Uganda: A case report
Journal of Medical Case Reports, Volume 5, Article 60, Year 2011
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Description
Introduction. Primary effusion lymphoma is a recently recognized entity of AIDS related non-Hodgkin lymphomas. Despite Africa being greatly affected by the HIV/AIDS pandemic, an extensive MEDLINE/PubMed search failed to find any report of primary effusion lymphoma in sub-Saharan Africa. To our knowledge this is the first report of primary effusion lymphoma in sub-Saharan Africa. We report the clinical, cytomorphologic and immunohistochemical findings of a patient with primary effusion lymphoma. Case presentation. A 70-year-old newly diagnosed HIV-positive Ugandan African woman presented with a three-month history of cough, fever, weight loss and drenching night sweats. Three weeks prior to admission she developed right sided chest pain and difficulty in breathing. On examination she had bilateral pleural effusions. Haematoxylin and eosin stained cytologic sections of the formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded cell block made from the pleural fluid were processed in the Department of Pathology, Makerere University, College of Health Sciences, Kampala, Uganda. Immunohistochemistry was done at the Institute of Haematology and Oncology "L and A Seragnoli", Bologna University School of Medicine, Bologna, Italy, using alkaline phosphatase anti-alkaline phosphatase method. In situ hybridization was used for detection of Epstein-Barr virus. The tumor cells were CD45+, CD30+, CD38+, HHV-8 LANA-1+; but were negative for CD3-, CD20-, CD19-, and CD79a- and EBV RNA+ on in situ hybridization. CD138 and Ki-67 were not evaluable. Our patient tested HIV positive and her CD4 cell count was 127/L. Conclusions: A definitive diagnosis of primary effusion lymphoma rests on finding a proliferation of large immunoblastic, plasmacytoid and anaplastic cells; HHV-8 in the tumor cells, an immunophenotype that is CD45+, pan B-cell marker negative and lymphocyte activated marker positive. It is essential for clinicians and pathologists to have a high index of suspicion of primary effusion lymphoma when handling HIV positive patients who have effusions without palpable tumor masses. Basic immunohistochemistry is essential for definitive diagnosis. © 2011 Tumwine et al; licensee BioMed Central Ltd.
Authors & Co-Authors
Tumwine, Lynnette K.
Uganda, Kampala
Makerere University College of Health Sciences
Lalitha, Rejani
Uganda, Kampala
Makerere University College of Health Sciences
Agostinelli, Claudio
Italy, Bologna
Irccs Azienda Ospedaliero-universitaria Di Bologna
Luzige, Simon
Uganda, Kampala
Makerere University College of Health Sciences
Orem, Jackson
Uganda, Kampala
Uganda Cancer Institute
Piccaluga, Pier Paolo
Italy, Bologna
Irccs Azienda Ospedaliero-universitaria Di Bologna
Osuwat, Lawrence Obado
Uganda, Kampala
Makerere University College of Health Sciences
Pileri, Stefano Aldo
Italy, Bologna
Irccs Azienda Ospedaliero-universitaria Di Bologna
Statistics
Citations: 8
Authors: 8
Affiliations: 3
Identifiers
Doi:
10.1186/1752-1947-5-60
ISSN:
17521947
e-ISSN:
17521947
Research Areas
Cancer
Genetics And Genomics
Health System And Policy
Infectious Diseases
Study Locations
Uganda
Participants Gender
Female