Etiological and evolving profile of renal disability of children in hospital in Togo

Objective: To determine the etiological and evolutionary profile of renal failure of chidren in Togo. Methods: This is a cross-sectional study over the period of 12 months (2016–2017) including children aged 1 to 18 years hospitalized in the pediatric ward of Sylvanus Olympio university teaching hospital of Lome (Togo) for renal failure. Results: Of 2374 patients hospitalized in our unit, 58 (2.4%) had renal failure. The mean age was 8.17 ± 4 years with a sex ratio of 1.32. The average consultation time was 11.9 days. The mean duration of hospitalization was 12.7 ± 7.7 days. Thirty-seven patients (63.8%) were referred from a peripheral center. Thirty-seven children out of 58 (63.1%) were oligoanuric. Renal failure was acute in 94.8% and chronic in 5.2%. Anemia was found in 84.4% of children. The main etiologies found were severe malaria (63.8%), glomerulonephritis (10.3%) and nephrotic syndrome (10.3%). Thirteen children (22.4%) benefited from dialysis sessions. The evolution was favorable in 79.3% of the cases. Conclusion: The renal failure of child is relatively common in our daily practice. The low socio-economic level and the lack of adapted equipment make the care difficult.