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Publication Details
AFRICAN RESEARCH NEXUS
SHINING A SPOTLIGHT ON AFRICAN RESEARCH
general
The potential contribution of mass treatment to the control of plasmodium falciparum malaria
PLoS ONE, Volume 6, No. 5, Article e20179, Year 2011
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Description
Mass treatment as a means to reducing P. falciparum malaria transmission was used during the first global malaria eradication campaign and is increasingly being considered for current control programmes. We used a previously developed mathematical transmission model to explore both the short and long-term impact of possible mass treatment strategies in different scenarios of endemic transmission. Mass treatment is predicted to provide a longer-term benefit in areas with lower malaria transmission, with reduced transmission levels for at least 2 years after mass treatment is ended in a scenario where the baseline slide-prevalence is 5%, compared to less than one year in a scenario with baseline slide-prevalence at 50%. However, repeated annual mass treatment at 80% coverage could achieve around 25% reduction in infectious bites in moderate-to-high transmission settings if sustained. Using vector control could reduce transmission to levels at which mass treatment has a longer-term impact. In a limited number of settings (which have isolated transmission in small populations of 1000-10,000 with low-to-medium levels of baseline transmission) we find that five closely spaced rounds of mass treatment combined with vector control could make at least temporary elimination a feasible goal. We also estimate the effects of using gametocytocidal treatments such as primaquine and of restricting treatment to parasite-positive individuals. In conclusion, mass treatment needs to be repeated or combined with other interventions for long-term impact in many endemic settings. The benefits of mass treatment need to be carefully weighed against the risks of increasing drug selection pressure. © 2011 Okell et al.
Available Materials
https://efashare.b-cdn.net/share/pmc/articles/PMC3101232/bin/pone.0020179.s001.doc
Authors & Co-Authors
Okell, Lucy C.
United Kingdom, London
Medical Research Council
Griffin, Jamie T.
United Kingdom, London
Medical Research Council
Kleinschmidt, Immo
United Kingdom, London
London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine
Hollingsworth, T. Déirdre
United Kingdom, London
Medical Research Council
Churcher, Thomas S.
United Kingdom, London
Medical Research Council
White, Michael T.
United Kingdom, London
Medical Research Council
Bousema, Teun
United Kingdom, London
London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine
Drakeley, Chris J.
United Kingdom, London
London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine
Ghani, Azra C.H.
United Kingdom, London
Medical Research Council
Statistics
Citations: 136
Authors: 9
Affiliations: 2
Identifiers
Doi:
10.1371/journal.pone.0020179
ISSN:
19326203
Research Areas
Health System And Policy
Infectious Diseases
Study Design
Cross Sectional Study