Seroepidemiology of infection with hepatitis a virus and hepatitis b virus in the seychelles

A batch of 417 serum samples obtained from native-born subjects were tested for the presence of hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg) and corresponding antibody (anti-HBs), by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA); and antibodies to hepatitis B core antigen (antl-HBc), e-antlgen (anti-HBe), and hepatitis A virus (anti-HAV), by radioimmunoassay (RIA). HBsAg was found in only two of the 417 subjects studied. Anti-HBs was detected in 112 samples (26.8%), anti-HBc in 114 (27.3%) and anti-HBe in 31 samples (7.4%). Serologlc evidence of a previous or present infection by hepatitis B virus (HBV) was found in 34.5% of the samples studied. Males showed a greater prevalence of anti-HBs and anti-HBc, while anti-HBe was more common in females; however, these differences were not significant. With regard to age, a significantly higher prevalence of anti-HBs (p < 0.05), anti-HBc (p < 0.025) and anti-HBe (p < 0.025) was found in the older age groups. Anti-HAV antibodies were present in 90% of the subjects studied, with no variation between the sexes. The anti-HAV rate in the group under 20 years was similar to that found in the older age groups. The total infection rate of hepatitis B virus in the Seychelles is lower than in other tropical areas, HBs antigen/antibody ratio approaching that in temperate areas. Elucidation of the reasons for the low prevalonce of hepatitis B virus carriers among the Seychelles population requires further investigation. © 1982 by The Johns Hopkins University School of Hygiene and Public Health.