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Publication Details
AFRICAN RESEARCH NEXUS
SHINING A SPOTLIGHT ON AFRICAN RESEARCH
agricultural and biological sciences
"Which camera trap type and how many do I need?" A review of camera features and study designs for a range of wildlife research applications
Hystrix, Volume 24, No. 2, Year 2013
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Description
Automatically triggered cameras taking photographs or videos of passing animals (camera traps) have emerged over the last decade as one of the most powerful tool for wildlife research. In parallel, a wealth of camera trap systems and models has become commercially available, a phenomenon mainly driven by the increased use of camera traps by sport hunters. This has raised the need for developing criteria to choose the suitable camera trap model in relation to a range of factors, primarily the study aim, but also target species, habitat, trapping site, climate and any other aspect that affects camera performance. There is also fragmented information on the fundamentals of sampling designs that deploy camera trapping, such as number of sampling sites, spatial arrangement and sampling duration. In this review, we describe the relevant technological features of camera traps and propose a set of the key ones to be evaluated when choosing camera models. These features are camera specifications such as trigger speed, sensor sensitivity, detection zone, flash type and flash intensity, power autonomy, and related specifications. We then outline sampling design and camera features for the implementation of major camera trapping applications, specifically: (1) faunal inventories, (2) occupancy studies, (3) density estimation through Capture-Mark-Recapture and (4) density estimation through the Random Encounter Model. We also review a range of currently available models and stress the need for standardized testing of camera models that should be frequently updated and widely distributed. Finally we summarize the "ultimate camera trap", as desired by wildlife biologists, and the current technological limitations of camera traps in relation to their potential for a number of emerging applications. © 2013 Associazione Teriologica Italiana.
Authors & Co-Authors
Rovero, Francesco
Italy, Trento
Muse-museo Delle Scienze
Tanzania, Mang'ula
Udzungwa Mountains National Park
Zimmermann, Fridolin
Unknown Affiliation
Berzi, Duccio
Unknown Affiliation
Meek, Paul D.
Australia, Armidale
Invasive Animals Cooperative Research Centre
Australia, Armidale
University of new England Australia
Statistics
Citations: 354
Authors: 4
Affiliations: 4
Identifiers
Doi:
10.4404/hystrix-24.2-6316
ISSN:
03941914
e-ISSN:
18255272