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Publication Details
AFRICAN RESEARCH NEXUS
SHINING A SPOTLIGHT ON AFRICAN RESEARCH
medicine
Development of nutritionally at-risk young children is predicted by malaria, anemia, and stunting in pemba, zanzibar
Journal of Nutrition, Volume 139, No. 4, Year 2009
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Description
Nutritionally at-risk children suffer delays in physical growth and motor and language development. Infectious diseases such as malaria pose an additional risk. We examined the cross-sectional relationships among malaria infection, hemoglobin (Hb) concentration, length-for-age Z-scores (LAZ), motor activity, behavior, and motor and language development in 841 Zanzibari children 5-19 mo old. We used structural equation modeling to test the fit of the data to a theoretical model and to examine the relationships among the variables in 3 age groups (5-9,10-14, and 15-19 mo). The model fit the data for all age groups. In the youngest and oldest groups, children with higher malaria parasite densities had significantly lower Hb and LAZ. Higher LAZ significantly predicted higher total motor activity, and motor and language development scores in all age groups. In the oldest group, children who had higher Hb had higher motor development and activity scores. Malaria was directly and indirectly related to motor activity in the 10- to 14-mo-old group [standardized total effects, -0.14; direct, -0.10 (P = 0.015); and indirect, -0.038]. The significant fit of the models to the data and the statistical significance of many of the specific pathways highlight the complexities of the relationships between health and nutrition and child development outcomes in this population. In addition, the results suggest that multiple interventions are likely necessary to improve child development outcomes in this population of nutritionally at-risk children and that the potential effectiveness of interventions may differ according to age (i.e. prevention and treatment of anemia, stunting, and malaria). © 2009 American Society for Nutrition.
Authors & Co-Authors
Olney, Deanna K.
United States, Davis
University of California, Davis
Kariger, Patricia K.
United States, Ithaca
Cornell University
Stoltzfus, Rebecca Joyce
United States, Ithaca
Cornell University
Khalfan, Sabra S.
Tanzania, Mkokotoni, Zanzibar
Pemba Public Health Laboratory-ivo de Carneri
Ali, Nadra S.
Tanzania, Mkokotoni, Zanzibar
Pemba Public Health Laboratory-ivo de Carneri
Tielsch, James M.
United States, Baltimore
Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health
Sazawal, Sunil
United States, Baltimore
Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health
Black, Robert E.
United States, Baltimore
Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health
Allen, Lindsay Helen
United States, Davis
University of California, Davis
United States, Washington, D.c.
United States Department of Agriculture
Pollitt, Ernesto
United States, Davis
University of California, Davis
Statistics
Citations: 70
Authors: 10
Affiliations: 5
Identifiers
Doi:
10.3945/jn.107.086231
ISSN:
00223166
Research Areas
Food Security
Infectious Diseases
Maternal And Child Health
Study Design
Cross Sectional Study