Skip to content
Home
About Us
Resources
Profiles Metrics
Authors Directory
Institutions Directory
Top Authors
Top Institutions
Top Sponsors
AI Digest
Contact Us
Menu
Home
About Us
Resources
Profiles Metrics
Authors Directory
Institutions Directory
Top Authors
Top Institutions
Top Sponsors
AI Digest
Contact Us
Home
About Us
Resources
Profiles Metrics
Authors Directory
Institutions Directory
Top Authors
Top Institutions
Top Sponsors
AI Digest
Contact Us
Menu
Home
About Us
Resources
Profiles Metrics
Authors Directory
Institutions Directory
Top Authors
Top Institutions
Top Sponsors
AI Digest
Contact Us
Publication Details
AFRICAN RESEARCH NEXUS
SHINING A SPOTLIGHT ON AFRICAN RESEARCH
medicine
A phase I, two-center study of the pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics of dexmedetomidine in children
Anesthesiology, Volume 105, No. 6, Year 2006
Notification
URL copied to clipboard!
Description
BACKGROUND: To investigate dexmedetomidine in children, the authors performed an open-label study of the pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics of dexmedetomidine. METHODS: Thirty-six children were assigned to three groups; 24 received dexmedetomidine and 12 received no drug. Three doses of dexmedetomidine, 2, 4, and 6 μg·kg·h, were infused for 10 min. Cardiorespiratory responses and sedation were recorded for 24 h. Plasma concentrations of dexmedetomidine were collected for 24 h and analyzed. Pharmacokinetic variables were determined using nonlinear mixed effects modeling (NONMEM program). Cardiorespiratory responses were analyzed. RESULTS: Thirty-six children completed the study. There was an apparent difference in the pharmacokinetics between Canadian and South African children. The derived volumes and clearances in the Canadian children were V1 = 0.81 l/kg, V2 = 1.0 l/kg, Cl1 (systemic clearance) = 0.013 l·kg·min, Cl2 = 0.030 l·kg·min. The intersubject variabilities for V1, V2, and Cl1 were 45%, 38%, and 22%, respectively. Plasma concentrations in South African children were 29% less than in Canadian children. The volumes and clearances in the South African children were 29% larger. The terminal half-life was 110 min (1.8 h). Median absolute prediction error for the two-compartment mammillary model was 18%. Heart rate and systolic blood pressure decreased with time and with increasing doses of dexmedetomidine. Respiratory rate and oxygen saturation (in air) were maintained. Sedation was transient. CONCLUSION: The pharmacokinetics of dexmedetomidine in children are predictable with a terminal half-life of 1.8 h. Hemodynamic responses decreased with increasing doses of dexmedetomidine. Respiratory responses were maintained, whereas sedation was transient. © 2006 American Society of Anesthesiologists, Inc.
Authors & Co-Authors
Pétroz, Guy C.
Canada, Toronto
Hospital for Sick Children University of Toronto
Sikich, Nancy
Canada, Toronto
Saint Michael's Hospital University of Toronto
James, Michael Frank M.
South Africa, Cape Town
University of Cape Town
van Dyk, Hanlie
South Africa, Observatory
Groote Schuur Hospital
Shafer, Steven L.
United States, Palo Alto
Stanford University
United States, San Francisco
University of California, San Francisco
Schily, Markus
Switzerland, Bienne
Centre Hospitalier
Lerman, Jerrold
United States, Buffalo
University at Buffalo, the State University of new York
United States, Rochester
Strong Memorial Hospital
Statistics
Citations: 231
Authors: 7
Affiliations: 9
Identifiers
Doi:
10.1097/00000542-200612000-00009
ISSN:
00033022
e-ISSN:
15281175
Research Areas
Environmental
Maternal And Child Health
Noncommunicable Diseases
Study Approach
Qualitative