The authors report 23 cases of acute non traumatic rhabdomyolysis, through a two year period. Etiologies were mainly toxic and infectious diseases. The most frequent etiopathogenic factors were a prolonged use moving positions, acute intoxications and hemodynamic failure. The diagnosis depends on the filtration of the serum phosphokinase creatine because of the lability of the symptoms. The main complication is acute renal failure which may change the prognosis even after recovery from the causal disease.