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Publication Details
AFRICAN RESEARCH NEXUS
SHINING A SPOTLIGHT ON AFRICAN RESEARCH
agricultural and biological sciences
Social learning among Congo Basin hunter-gatherers
Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences, Volume 366, No. 1567, Year 2011
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Description
This paper explores childhood social learning among Aka and Bofi hunter-gatherers in Central Africa. Existing literature suggests that hunter-gatherer social learning is primarily vertical (parent-to-child) and that teaching is rare. We use behavioural observations, open-ended and semi-structured interviews, and informal and anecdotal observations to examine the modes (e.g. vertical versus horizontal/oblique) and processes (e.g. teaching versus observation and imitation) of cultural transmission. Cultural and demographic contexts of social learning associated with the modes and processes of cultural transmission are described. Hunter-gatherer social learning occurred early, was relatively rapid, primarily vertical under age 5 and oblique and horizontal between the ages of 6 and 12. Pedagogy and other forms of teaching existed as early as 12 months of age, but were relatively infrequent by comparison to other processes of social learning such as observation and imitation. © 2011 The Royal Society.
Authors & Co-Authors
Hewlett, Barry Stephen
Ethiopia, Awassa
Hawassa University
United States, Vancouver
Washington State University Vancouver
Fouts, Hillary N.
United States, Jackson
University of Tennessee
Boyette, Adam Howell
United States, Vancouver
Washington State University Vancouver
Hewlett, Bonnie L.
Ethiopia, Awassa
Hawassa University
United States, Vancouver
Washington State University Vancouver
Statistics
Citations: 315
Authors: 4
Affiliations: 3
Identifiers
Doi:
10.1098/rstb.2010.0373
ISSN:
09628436
Research Areas
Maternal And Child Health
Study Locations
Congo