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Publication Details
AFRICAN RESEARCH NEXUS
SHINING A SPOTLIGHT ON AFRICAN RESEARCH
Breast milk cellular HIV-specific interferon γ responses are associated with protection from peripartum HIV transmission
AIDS, Volume 26, No. 16, Year 2012
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Description
OBJECTIVE: Breast milk is a major route of infant HIV infection, yet the majority of breast-fed, HIV-exposed infants escape infection by unknown mechanisms. This study aimed to investigate the role of HIV-specific breast milk cells in preventing infant HIV infection. DESIGN: A prospective study was designed to measure associations between maternal breast milk HIV-specific interferon-γ (IFN-γ) responses and infant HIV-1 detection at 1 month of age. METHODS: In a Kenyan cohort of HIV-infected mothers, blood and breast milk HIV-gag IFN-γ ELISpot responses were measured. Logistic regression was used to measure associations between breast milk IFN-γ responses and infant HIV infection at 1 month of age. RESULTS: IFN-γ responses were detected in breast milk from 117 of 170 (69%) women. IFN-γ responses were associated with breast milk viral load, levels of macrophage inflammatory protein (MIP) 1α, MIP-1β, regulated upon activation, normal T-cell expressed, and secreted and stromal-cell derived factor 1 and subclinical mastitis. Univariate factors associated with infant HIV infection at 1 month postpartum included both detection and breadth of breast milk IFN-γ response (P=0.08, P=0.04, respectively), breast milk MIP-1β detection (P=0.05), and plasma (P=0.004) and breast milk (P=0.004) viral load. In multivariate analyses adjusting for breast milk viral load and MIP-1β, breast milk IFN-γ responses were associated with an approximately 70% reduction in infant HIV infection [adjusted odds ratio (aOR) 0.29, 95% confidence interval (CI) 0.092-0.91], and each additional peptide pool targeted was associated with an approximately 35% reduction in infant HIV (aOR 0.65, 95% CI 0.44-0.97). CONCLUSION: These data show breast milk HIV-gag-specific IFN-γ cellular immune responses are prevalent and may contribute to protection from early HIV transmission. More broadly, these data suggest breast milk cellular responses are potentially influential in decreasing mother-to-child transmission of viruses. Copyright © 2012 Lippincott Williams &Wilkins.
Authors & Co-Authors
Lohman-Payne, Barbara L.
United States, Seattle
Harborview Medical Center
United States, Seattle
University of Washington
Kenya, Nairobi
University of Nairobi
Slyker, Jennifer A.
United States, Seattle
Harborview Medical Center
United States, Seattle
University of Washington
Moore, Stephen R.
United States, Seattle
Harborview Medical Center
Maleche-Obimbo, Elizabeth
Kenya, Nairobi
University of Nairobi
Wamalwa, Dalton C.
Kenya, Nairobi
University of Nairobi
Richardson, Barbra Ann
United States, Seattle
University of Washington
United States, Seattle
Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center
Rowland-Jones, Sarah Louise
United Kingdom, Oxford
Mrc Weatherall Institute of Molecular Medicine
Mbori-Ngacha, Dorothy A.
Kenya, Nairobi
University of Nairobi
Farquhar, Carey
United States, Seattle
Harborview Medical Center
United States, Seattle
University of Washington
Overbaugh, Julie M.
United States, Seattle
Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center
John-Stewart, Grace C.
United States, Seattle
Harborview Medical Center
United States, Seattle
University of Washington
Statistics
Citations: 28
Authors: 11
Affiliations: 5
Identifiers
Doi:
10.1097/QAD.0b013e328359b7e0
e-ISSN:
14735571
Research Areas
Infectious Diseases
Maternal And Child Health
Study Design
Cohort Study
Case-Control Study
Participants Gender
Female