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Publication Details
AFRICAN RESEARCH NEXUS
SHINING A SPOTLIGHT ON AFRICAN RESEARCH
agricultural and biological sciences
Exceptional diversity, maintenance of polymorphism, and recent directional selection on the APL1 malaria resistance genes of Anopheles gambiae
PLoS Biology, Volume 9, No. 3, Article e1000600, Year 2011
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Description
The three-gene APL1 locus encodes essential components of the mosquito immune defense against malaria parasites. APL1 was originally identified because it lies within a mapped QTL conferring the vector mosquito Anopheles gambiae natural resistance to the human malaria parasite, Plasmodium falciparum, and APL1 genes have subsequently been shown to be involved in defense against several species of Plasmodium. Here, we examine molecular population genetic variation at the APL1 gene cluster in spatially and temporally diverse West African collections of A. gambiae. The locus is extremely polymorphic, showing evidence of adaptive evolutionary maintenance of genetic variation. We hypothesize that this variability aids in defense against genetically diverse pathogens, including Plasmodium. Variation at APL1 is highly structured across geographic and temporal subpopulations. In particular, diversity is exceptionally high during the rainy season, when malaria transmission rates are at their peak. Much less allelic diversity is observed during the dry season when mosquito population sizes and malaria transmission rates are low. APL1 diversity is weakly stratified by the polymorphic 2La chromosomal inversion but is very strongly subdivided between the M and S "molecular forms." We find evidence that a recent selective sweep has occurred at the APL1 locus in M form mosquitoes only. The independently reported observation of a similar M-form restricted sweep at the Tep1 locus, whose product physically interacts with APL1C, suggests that epistatic selection may act on these two loci causing them to sweep coordinately. © 2011 Rottschaefer et al.
Available Materials
https://efashare.b-cdn.net/share/pmc/articles/PMC3050937/bin/pbio.1000600.s001.pdf
https://efashare.b-cdn.net/share/pmc/articles/PMC3050937/bin/pbio.1000600.s002.pdf
https://efashare.b-cdn.net/share/pmc/articles/PMC3050937/bin/pbio.1000600.s003.pdf
https://efashare.b-cdn.net/share/pmc/articles/PMC3050937/bin/pbio.1000600.s004.pdf
https://efashare.b-cdn.net/share/pmc/articles/PMC3050937/bin/pbio.1000600.s005.pdf
https://efashare.b-cdn.net/share/pmc/articles/PMC3050937/bin/pbio.1000600.s006.pdf
Authors & Co-Authors
Rottschaefer, Susan M.
United States, Ithaca
Cornell University
Riehle, Michelle M.
United States, Minneapolis
University of Minnesota Twin Cities
Coulibaly, Boubacar
Mali, Bamako
University of Bamako
Sacko, Madjou
Mali, Bamako
University of Bamako
Niaré, Oumou
Mali, Bamako
University of Bamako
Morlais, Isabelle
Cameroon, Yaounde
Institut de Recherche Pour le Developpement Cameroon
Traoré, Sékou Fantamady
Mali, Bamako
University of Bamako
Vernick, Kenneth D.
France, Paris
Institut Pasteur, Paris
Lazzaro, Brian P.
United States, Ithaca
Cornell University
Statistics
Citations: 72
Authors: 9
Affiliations: 5
Identifiers
Doi:
10.1371/journal.pbio.1000600
ISSN:
15449173
e-ISSN:
15457885
Research Areas
Genetics And Genomics
Infectious Diseases
Study Design
Cross Sectional Study