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Publication Details
AFRICAN RESEARCH NEXUS
SHINING A SPOTLIGHT ON AFRICAN RESEARCH
Alternative Treatments for Indoor Residual Spraying for Malaria Control in a Village with Pyrethroid- and DDT-Resistant Vectors in The Gambia
PLoS ONE, Volume 8, No. 9, Article e74351, Year 2013
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Description
Background:Malaria vector control is threatened by resistance to pyrethroids, the only class of insecticides used for treating bed nets. The second major vector control method is indoor residual spraying with pyrethroids or the organochloride DDT. However, resistance to pyrethroids frequently confers resistance to DDT. Therefore, alternative insecticides are urgently needed.Methodology/Principal Findings:Insecticide resistance and the efficacy of indoor residual spraying with different insecticides was determined in a Gambian village. Resistance of local vectors to pyrethroids and DDT was high (31% and 46% mortality, respectively) while resistance to bendiocarb and pirimiphos methyl was low (88% and 100% mortality, respectively). The vectors were predominantly Anopheles gambiae s.s. with 94% of them having the putative resistant genotype kdr 1014F. Four groups of eight residential compounds were each sprayed with either (1) bendiocarb, a carbamate, (2) DDT, an organochlorine, (3) microencapsulated pirimiphos methyl, an organophosphate, or (4) left unsprayed. All insecticides tested showed high residual activity up to five months after application. Mosquito house entry, estimated by light traps, was similar in all houses with metal roofs, but was significantly less in IRS houses with thatched roofs (p=0.02). Residents participating in focus group discussions indicated that IRS was considered a necessary nuisance and also may decrease the use of long-lasting insecticidal nets.Conclusion/Significance:Bendiocarb and microencapsulated pirimiphos methyl are viable alternatives for indoor residual spraying where resistance to pyrethroids and DDT is high and may assist in the management of pyrethroid resistance. © 2013 Tangena et al.
Available Materials
https://efashare.b-cdn.net/share/pmc/articles/PMC3772946/bin/pone.0074351.s001.docx
https://efashare.b-cdn.net/share/pmc/articles/PMC3772946/bin/pone.0074351.s002.docx
Authors & Co-Authors
Tangena, Julie Anne A.
Unknown Affiliation
Adiamoh, Majidah
Unknown Affiliation
D'Alessandro, Umberto
Unknown Affiliation
Jarju, Lamin B.S.
Unknown Affiliation
Jawara, Musa
Unknown Affiliation
Jeffries, David J.
Unknown Affiliation
Malik, Naiela
Unknown Affiliation
Nwakanma, Davis C.
Unknown Affiliation
Kaur, Harparkash
Unknown Affiliation
Takken, Willem
Unknown Affiliation
Lindsay, Steve W.
Unknown Affiliation
Pinder, Margaret
Unknown Affiliation
Statistics
Citations: 43
Authors: 12
Affiliations: 9
Identifiers
Doi:
10.1371/journal.pone.0074351
e-ISSN:
19326203
Research Areas
Genetics And Genomics
Infectious Diseases
Study Approach
Qualitative
Study Locations
Gambia