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Publication Details
AFRICAN RESEARCH NEXUS
SHINING A SPOTLIGHT ON AFRICAN RESEARCH
agricultural and biological sciences
Genetic diversity of cassava (Manihot esculenta Crantz) landraces and cultivars from southern, eastern and central Africa
Plant Genetic Resources: Characterisation and Utilisation, Volume 11, No. 2, Year 2013
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Description
Studies to quantify genetic variation in cassava germplasm, available within the national breeding programmes in Africa, have been limited. Here, we report on the nature and extent of genetic variation that exists within 1401 cassava varieties from seven countries: Tanzania (270 genotypes); Uganda (268); Kenya (234); Rwanda (184); Democratic Republic of Congo (DRC; 177); Madagascar (186); Mozambique (82). The vast majority of these genotypes do not exist within a formal germplasm conservation initiative and were derived from farmers' fields and National Agricultural Research Systems breeding programmes. Genotypes were assayed using 26 simple sequence repeat markers. Moderate genetic variation was observed with evidence of a genetic bottleneck in the region. Some differentiation was observed among countries in both cultivars and landraces. Euclidean distance revealed the pivotal position of Tanzanian landraces in the region, and STRUCTURE analysis revealed subtle and fairly complex relationships among cultivars and among landraces and cultivars analysed together. This is likely to reflect original germplasm introductions, gene flow including farmer exchanges, disease pandemics, past breeding programmes and the introduction of cultivars from the International Institute of Tropical Agriculture - Nigeria. Information generated from this study will be useful to justify and guide a regional cassava genetic resource conservation strategy, to identify gaps in cassava diversity in the region and to guide breeding strategies. Copyright © 2013 NIAB.
Authors & Co-Authors
Kawuki, Robert Sezi
Uganda, Kampala
National Crops Resources Research Institute Nacrri
South Africa, Bloemfontein
University of the Free State
Kenya, Nairobi
International Institute of Tropical Agriculture Iita
Herselman, Liezel
South Africa, Bloemfontein
University of the Free State
Labuschagne, Maryke Tine
South Africa, Bloemfontein
University of the Free State
Nzuki, Inosters W.
Kenya, Nairobi
International Institute of Tropical Agriculture Iita
Kenya, Nairobi
Biosciences Eastern and Central Africa - International Livestock Research Institute
Ralimanana, I.
Madagascar, Antananarivo
Fofifa/dra
Bidiaka, M.
Congo
Institut National Pour L'etude et la Recherche Agronomique (inera)
Kanyange, M. C.
Rwanda, Kigali
Institut Des Sciences Agronomiques du Rwanda Isar
Gashaka, G.
Rwanda, Kigali
Institut Des Sciences Agronomiques du Rwanda Isar
Masumba, Esther A.
Tanzania, Naliendele
Naliendele Agricultural Research Institute
Mkamilo, Geoffrey S.
Tanzania, Naliendele
Naliendele Agricultural Research Institute
Gethi, James
Kenya, Nairobi
Kenya Agricultural Research Institute
Wanjala, Bramwel W.
Kenya, Nairobi
Kenya Agricultural Research Institute
Zacarias, Anabela M.
Mozambique, Maputo
Mozambique Agricultural Research Institute Iiam
Madabula, F.
Mozambique, Maputo
Mozambique Agricultural Research Institute Iiam
Ferguson, Morag Elizabeth
Kenya, Nairobi
International Institute of Tropical Agriculture Iita
Statistics
Citations: 43
Authors: 15
Affiliations: 10
Identifiers
Doi:
10.1017/S1479262113000014
ISSN:
14792621
e-ISSN:
1479263X
Research Areas
Genetics And Genomics
Study Locations
Congo
Kenya
Madagascar
Mozambique
Nigeria
Rwanda
Tanzania
Uganda