Purpose: Urologic cancers are more and frequent and raise a real problem of diagnosis and adequate coverage in developing countries. The purpose of this work was to study the epidemiological and histological aspects of these urologic cancers in Togo. Material and methods: It was a descriptive retrospective study concerning urologic cancers observed for 20 years (1993-2012) at the Laboratory of Pathological Anatomy of the Teaching Hospital in Lome, Togo. The studied parameters were the frequency, the age, the sex, the site, the nature and the histological type. Results: Epidemiologically, we observed 678 cases of urologic cancers with an annual frequency of 39.9 cases. Male subjects were affected in 612 cases (90.27%), with a sex-ratio of 9.027. The age of the patients varied from 11 to 102 years, with an average of 65.53 years. According to the localization of the cancer, the affected sites included the prostate (506 cases, 74.63%), the bladder (96 cases, 14.16%), the kidney (55 cases, 8.115%), the testicle (13 cases, 1.92%), the penis (6 cases, 0.89%) and the scrotum (2 cases, 0.29%). Histologically, the prostate cancer was essentially adenocarcinoma (480 cases, 94.86%) with a Gleason score of 7 (142 cases, 29.585%). The cancer of the bladder was constituted by epidermoid carcinoma (36 cases, 37.5%), adenocarcinoma (32 cases, 33.33%) and transitional carcinoma (25 cases, 26.04%). The kidney cancer was mainly constituted by nephroblastoma (28 cases, 50.90%) and clear cell carcinoma (13 cases, 23.63%). The cancer of testicle was dominated by the lymphoma of Burkitt (7 cases); the cancers of the penis and the scrotum were all epidermoid carcinomas. Conclusion: Urologic cancers are frequent in Togo, dominated by prostate cancers, with cases of endemic Burkitt's lymphoma. © Springer-Verlag 2013.
