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Publication Details
AFRICAN RESEARCH NEXUS
SHINING A SPOTLIGHT ON AFRICAN RESEARCH
immunology and microbiology
COVID-19 vaccines reduce mortality in hospitalized patients with oxygen requirements: Differences between vaccine subtypes. A multicontinental cohort study
Journal of Medical Virology, Volume 95, No. 5, Article e28786, Year 2023
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Description
The aim of this study was to analyze whether the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) vaccine reduces mortality in patients with moderate or severe COVID-19 disease requiring oxygen therapy. A retrospective cohort study, with data from 148 hospitals in both Spain (111 hospitals) and Argentina (37 hospitals), was conducted. We evaluated hospitalized patients for COVID-19 older than 18 years with oxygen requirements. Vaccine protection against death was assessed through a multivariable logistic regression and propensity score matching. We also performed a subgroup analysis according to vaccine type. The adjusted model was used to determine the population attributable risk. Between January 2020 and May 2022, we evaluated 21,479 COVID-19 hospitalized patients with oxygen requirements. Of these, 338 (1.5%) patients received a single dose of the COVID-19 vaccine and 379 (1.8%) were fully vaccinated. In vaccinated patients, mortality was 20.9% (95% confidence interval [CI]: 17.9–24), compared to 19.5% (95% CI: 19–20) in unvaccinated patients, resulting in a crude odds ratio (OR) of 1.07 (95% CI: 0.89–1.29; p = 0.41). However, after considering the multiple comorbidities in the vaccinated group, the adjusted OR was 0.73 (95% CI: 0.56–0.95; p = 0.02) with a population attributable risk reduction of 4.3% (95% CI: 1–5). The higher risk reduction for mortality was with messenger RNA (mRNA) BNT162b2 (Pfizer) (OR 0.37; 95% CI: 0.23–0.59; p < 0.01), ChAdOx1 nCoV-19 (AstraZeneca) (OR 0.42; 95% CI: 0.20–0.86; p = 0.02), and mRNA-1273 (Moderna) (OR 0.68; 95% CI: 0.41–1.12; p = 0.13), and lower with Gam-COVID-Vac (Sputnik) (OR 0.93; 95% CI: 0.6–1.45; p = 0.76). COVID-19 vaccines significantly reduce the probability of death in patients suffering from a moderate or severe disease (oxygen therapy). © 2023 The Authors. Journal of Medical Virology published by Wiley Periodicals LLC.
Authors & Co-Authors
Huespe, I. A.
Argentina, Buenos Aires
Instituto Universitario Del Hospital Italiano de Buenos Aires
Argentina, Buenos Aires
Universidad de Buenos Aires
Valdez, Pascual Rubén
Unknown Affiliation
Gómez-Huelgas, Ricardo
Spain, Malaga
Universidad de Málaga
Lumbreras, Carlos
Spain, Madrid
Universidad Complutense de Madrid
Ramos-Rincón, José Manuel
Spain, Elche
Universidad Miguel Hernández de Elche
Barrio, Noelia García
Spain, Madrid
Universidad Complutense de Madrid
Statistics
Citations: 2
Authors: 6
Affiliations: 11
Identifiers
Doi:
10.1002/jmv.28786
ISSN:
01466615
Research Areas
Covid
Study Design
Cross Sectional Study
Cohort Study
Case-Control Study
Study Approach
Quantitative