Thyroid abscess in a human immunodeficiency virus-infected patient

Background: Thyroid abscess is a rare entity and occurs in patients in a particular situation either in an immunocompromised patient or on tuberculosis infection since the African countries are still tuberculosis endemic countries Case presentation: We report the case of a 38-year-old female patient who has a thyroid abscess caused by Citrobacter which is a rare germ. Screening for human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) was positive for HIV infection. Conclusions: Screening for HIV and other causes of immunosuppression should be considered in any patient with thyroid abscess.