HLA‐DRB1, DQA1 and DQB1 DNA polymorphisms in healthy Algerian and genetic relationships with other populations

Abstract: This study presents the results of HLA‐DRB1, ‐DQA1, and ‐DQB1 sequence‐specific oligonucleotide probe (SSOP) typings for a population sample of 47 individuals originating from Western Algeria. Allele and haplotype frequencies, as well as linkage disequilibria are computed by the standard methods used for the XIth International Histocompatibility Workshop data. A total of 24 alleles are detected at the DRB1 locus, where a very high heterozygosity level (0.914) is found. The highest DRB1 frequencies are 0.160, DRB1*1101, and 0.138, for DRB1*0301 and DRB1*0701. The DQA1 and DQB1 loci are less polymorphic. Among the 8 DQA1 alleles detected, DQA1*0501 is highly predominant with a frequency of 0.383. Thirteen DQB1 alleles are observed among which DQB1*0301 and DQB1*0201 are the most frequent (0.351 and 0.245, respectively). Three haplotypes predominate clearly: DRB1*1101‐DQA1*0501‐DQB1*0301 (0.138), DRB1*0701‐DQA1*0201‐DQB1*0201 (0.128) and DRB1*0301‐DQA1*0501‐DQB1*0201 (0.117). The two latter are among the most frequent haplotypes found in European and North American Caucasoid populations, but the DQA1*0501‐DQB1*0201 association is not significant in Algerians. The genetic distances computed for each locus among a set of populations from different continents are significantly correlated to geography. They indicate that the Algerians are very close to South European populations, particularly to Sardinians, Italians, Romanians and French, with some intermediate characteristics between Europeans and sub‐Saharan Africans. These results may serve as reference for future studies of HLA and disease in the Algerian population. Copyright © 1994 Munksgaard