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Publication Details
AFRICAN RESEARCH NEXUS
SHINING A SPOTLIGHT ON AFRICAN RESEARCH
Nicotine exacerbates brain edema during in vitro and in vivo focal ischemic conditions
Journal of Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics, Volume 332, No. 2, Year 2010
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Description
We have previously shown that nicotine, the addictive component of tobacco products, alters the blood-brain barrier (BBB) Na+,K +,2Cl- cotransporter (NKCC) during in vitro hypoxiaaglycemia exposure. Attenuation of abluminal NKCC suggests that accumulation of ions in the brain extracellular fluid would result in an increase of fluid or cytotoxic edema in the brain during hypoxia-aglycemia or stroke conditions. To further investigate whether nicotine products have the potential to worsen stroke outcome by increasing edema formation, two separate models to mimic stroke conditions were utilized to decipher the effects of short-term and long-term administrations of nicotine products on brain edema following stroke. Oxygen glucose deprivation (OGD) was studied in rat hippocampal slices with short-term or long-term exposure to nicotine and cigarette smoke constituents. During short-term exposure, the presence of nicotine at a concentration mimicking heavy smokers increased water content of hippocampal slices during OGD. Furthermore, long-term 1-week administration of nicotine increased water content in hippocampal slices that could be attenuated with nicotine acetylcholine receptor (nAChR) antagonists, suggesting nicotine increase edema during OGD via nAChRs. A second model of focal ischemia, middle cerebral artery occlusion, showed an increase of infarct size during short-term exposure to nicotine and an increase of edema during both short-term and long-term administration of nicotine, compared with saline controls. These findings support the paradigm that nicotine products not only increase the incidence of stroke but also have the potential to worsen stroke outcome by increased edema formation. Copyright © 2010 by The American Society for Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics.
Authors & Co-Authors
Mdzinarishvili, Alexander
United States, Rootstown
Northeast Ohio Medical University Neomed
van der Schyf, Cornelis J.
United States, Rootstown
Northeast Ohio Medical University Neomed
Klein, Jochen
Germany, Frankfurt am Main
Goethe-universität Frankfurt am Main
Bickel, Ulrich
United States, Amarillo
Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center at Amarillo
Abbruscato, Thomas J.
United States, Amarillo
Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center at Amarillo
Statistics
Citations: 72
Authors: 5
Affiliations: 3
Identifiers
Doi:
10.1124/jpet.109.157776
ISSN:
15210103
Research Areas
Environmental
Noncommunicable Diseases
Substance Abuse
Study Design
Cohort Study