Skip to content
Home
About Us
Resources
Profiles Metrics
Authors Directory
Institutions Directory
Top Authors
Top Institutions
Top Sponsors
AI Digest
Contact Us
Menu
Home
About Us
Resources
Profiles Metrics
Authors Directory
Institutions Directory
Top Authors
Top Institutions
Top Sponsors
AI Digest
Contact Us
Home
About Us
Resources
Profiles Metrics
Authors Directory
Institutions Directory
Top Authors
Top Institutions
Top Sponsors
AI Digest
Contact Us
Menu
Home
About Us
Resources
Profiles Metrics
Authors Directory
Institutions Directory
Top Authors
Top Institutions
Top Sponsors
AI Digest
Contact Us
Publication Details
AFRICAN RESEARCH NEXUS
SHINING A SPOTLIGHT ON AFRICAN RESEARCH
Infectious correlates of HIV-1 shedding in the female upper and lower genital tracts
AIDS, Volume 21, No. 6, Year 2007
Notification
URL copied to clipboard!
Description
OBJECTIVES: To determine the effects of vaginal, cervical, and endometrial infections on shedding of HIV-1 RNA in the female genital tract. DESIGN: Cross-sectional. METHODS: Antiretroviral-naive women from Nairobi, Kenya with CD4 cell counts ≥ 350 cells/μl had plasma and endocervical wick samples collected for HIV quantification by real-time RNA reverse transcriptase- polymerase chain reaction. Vaginal and cervical Gram stains and endometrial biopsies were obtained. Vaginal Gram stain was used to diagnose bacterial vaginosis and to quantify Lactobacillus levels. RESULTS: Twenty-six of 50 (52%) women had detectable endocervical HIV-1 RNA with a median endocervical viral load of 1760 copies/ml (range: undetectable to 1 030 000 copies/ml). Women with decreased Lactobacillus had 15.8-fold [95% confidenceinterval (CI), 2.0-123] greater endocervical HIV-1 RNA than women with normal Lactobacillus levels. Women with plasma cell (PC) endometritis [≥ 1 PC/high-power field (hpf)] had a 15.8-fold (95% CI, 2.0-120) higher endocervical HIV RNA level than women without PC endometritis. Both these associations remained after controlling for plasma viral load. Cervicitis (≥ 30 polymorphonuclear leukocytes/hpf), however, was not associated with endocervical HIV-1 RNA shedding (P = 0.81). CONCLUSIONS: In HIV-1-infected, antiretroviral-naive women without symptoms of pelvic inflammatory disease infection, abnormal vaginal flora and inflammatory cells in the endometrium affected HIV-1 shedding from the lower genital tract. These data suggest that both the upper and lower genital tracts contribute to female HIV-1 genital shedding. © 2007 Lippincott Williams & Wilkins, Inc.
Authors & Co-Authors
Coleman, Jenell Sheree
United States, San Francisco
University of California, San Francisco
United States, Philadelphia
University of Pennsylvania
Hitti, Jane E.
United States, Seattle
University of Washington
Bukusi, Elizabeth Anne
United States, Seattle
University of Washington
Kenya, Nairobi
Kenya Medical Research Institute
Mwachari, Christina W.
Kenya, Nairobi
Kenya Medical Research Institute
Muliro, Angela
Kenya, Nairobi
Kenya Medical Research Institute
Nguti, Rosemary
Kenya, Nairobi
University of Nairobi
Gausman, Reggie
United States, Seattle
University of Washington
Jensen, Sarah
United States, Seattle
University of Washington
Patton, Dorothy L.
United States, Seattle
University of Washington
Lockhart, David W.
United States, Seattle
University of Washington
Coombs, Robert W.
United States, Seattle
University of Washington
Cohen, Craig R.
United States, San Francisco
University of California, San Francisco
Statistics
Citations: 107
Authors: 12
Affiliations: 5
Identifiers
Doi:
10.1097/QAD.0b013e328012b838
Research Areas
Infectious Diseases
Sexual And Reproductive Health
Study Design
Cross Sectional Study
Study Locations
Kenya
Participants Gender
Female