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Publication Details
AFRICAN RESEARCH NEXUS
SHINING A SPOTLIGHT ON AFRICAN RESEARCH
environmental science
Flow dynamics and age of groundwater within a humid equatorial active volcano (Mount Cameroon) deduced by δD, δ
18
O,
3
H and chlorofluorocarbons (CFCs)
Journal of Hydrology, Volume 502, Year 2013
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Description
We used environmental tracers (δD, δ18O, 3H and chlorofluorocarbons (CFCs)) to establish the groundwater flow system within the Mount Cameroon area: a 4090m high active entirely alkaline volcano located within a humid equatorial region. Seventy-five ground and surface water samples (68 spring samples, 6 borehole samples and 1 stream sample) were collected around the volcano during the wet (October-November 2010) and dry seasons (January-February 2010) as well as 10 rain samples in June-September 2010 in order to establish recharge elevations, apparent ages (residence times) and groundwater flow system in the fractured volcanic (basaltic) aquifers. The δ18O and δD composition of rainwater and groundwater in the Mount Cameroon area fit the Douala Local Meteoric Water Line (DLMWL). The recharge elevations of the individual springs were calculated from their δ18O-values and the equation of the altitude gradient (-0.16‰ δ18O/100m) of precipitation on the mountain. For springs sampled during the two seasons, dry season samples have higher recharge elevations than rainy season samples. Seasonal variation exists in the tritium values as rainy season samples systemically are higher than those of the dry season samples This implies the input of new water from the rain causing the groundwater system to rejuvenate. Apparent ages for the Mount Cameroon springs calculated from CFCs based on the Piston Flow model range from 10 to approximately 57years. CFC apparent ages for rainy season samples are systemically younger than those of dry season samples. There is seasonal variation in groundwater flow system in the Mount Cameroon area and also along the different flanks of the volcano. The groundwater flow system is conceptualized by 2 models; a Bypass/piston flow model for the flow system during the rainy season and a binary mixing/piston flow model characterizes the flow system during the dry season. © 2013 Elsevier B.V.
Authors & Co-Authors
Ako, Andrew
Cameroon, Yaounde
Hydrological Research Centre
Shimada, Jun
Japan, Kumamoto
Kumamoto University
Hosono, Takahiro
Japan, Kumamoto
Kumamoto University
Kagabu, Makoto
Japan, Kumamoto
Kumamoto University
Richard, Akoachere
Cameroon, Buea
University of Buea
Nkeng, George Elambo
Cameroon, Yaounde
National Advanced School of Public Works
Aka, Festus Tongwa
Cameroon, Yaounde
Institute for Geological and Mining Research Irgm
Ono, Masahiko
Japan, Kumamoto
Kumamoto University
Eyong, Gloria Eneke Takem
Cameroon, Yaounde
Hydrological Research Centre
Tandia, Beatrice Ketchemen
Cameroon, Douala
University of Douala
Mouncherou, Oumar Farouk
Cameroon, Yaounde
Hydrological Research Centre
Statistics
Citations: 16
Authors: 11
Affiliations: 6
Identifiers
Doi:
10.1016/j.jhydrol.2013.08.032
ISSN:
00221694
Research Areas
Environmental
Study Locations
Cameroon