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Publication Details
AFRICAN RESEARCH NEXUS
SHINING A SPOTLIGHT ON AFRICAN RESEARCH
general
Centromere-proximal differentiation and speciation in Anopheles gambiae
Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America, Volume 102, No. 44, Year 2005
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Description
The M and S molecular forms of Anopheles gambiae are undergoing speciation as they adapt to heterogeneities in the environment, spreading malaria in the process. We hypothesized that their divergence despite gene flow is facilitated by reduced recombination at the centromeric (proximal) end of the X chromosome. We sequenced introns from 22 X chromosome genes in M and S from two locations of West Africa where the forms are sympatric. Generally, in both forms nucleotide diversity was high distally, lower proximally, and very low nearest the centromere. Conversely, differentiation between the forms was virtually zero distally and very high proximally. Pairwise comparisons to a close relative, the sibling species Anopheles arabiensis, demonstrated uniformly high divergence regardless of position along the X chromosome, suggesting that this pattern is not purely mechanical. Instead, the pattern observed for M and S suggests the action of divergent natural selection countering gene flow only at the proximal end of the X chromosome, where recombination is reduced. Comparison of sites with fixed differences between M and S to the corresponding sites in A. arabiensis revealed that derived substitutions had been fixed in both forms, further supporting the hypothesis that both have been under selection. These derived substitutions are fixed in the two West African samples and in samples of S from western and coastal Kenya, suggesting that selection occurred before the forms expanded to their current ranges. Our findings are consistent with a role for suppressed genetic recombination in speciation of A. gambiae. © 2005 by The National Academy of Sciences of the USA.
Available Materials
https://efashare.b-cdn.net/share/pmc/articles/PMC1276105/bin/pnas_0508161102_index.html
Authors & Co-Authors
Stump, Aram
United States, Notre Dame
University of Notre Dame
Fitzpatrick, Meagan C.
United States, Notre Dame
University of Notre Dame
Lobo, Neil Francis
United States, Notre Dame
University of Notre Dame
Traoré, Sékou Fantamady
Mali, Bamako
University of Bamako
Sagnon, N'Falé F.
Burkina Faso, Ouagadougou
Centre National de Recherche et de Formation Sur le Paludisme
Costantini, Carlo
Burkina Faso, Ouagadougou
Centre National de Recherche et de Formation Sur le Paludisme
France, Marseille
Ird Institut de Recherche Pour le Developpement
Collins, Frank H.
United States, Notre Dame
University of Notre Dame
Besansky, Nora J.
United States, Notre Dame
University of Notre Dame
Statistics
Citations: 100
Authors: 8
Affiliations: 4
Identifiers
Doi:
10.1073/pnas.0508161102
ISSN:
00278424
Research Areas
Genetics And Genomics
Infectious Diseases
Study Locations
Multi-countries
Kenya