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Publication Details
AFRICAN RESEARCH NEXUS
SHINING A SPOTLIGHT ON AFRICAN RESEARCH
agricultural and biological sciences
The Genomes of the Fungal Plant Pathogens Cladosporium fulvum and Dothistroma septosporum Reveal Adaptation to Different Hosts and Lifestyles But Also Signatures of Common Ancestry
PLoS Genetics, Volume 8, No. 11, Article e1003088, Year 2012
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Description
We sequenced and compared the genomes of the Dothideomycete fungal plant pathogens Cladosporium fulvum (Cfu) (syn. Passalora fulva) and Dothistroma septosporum (Dse) that are closely related phylogenetically, but have different lifestyles and hosts. Although both fungi grow extracellularly in close contact with host mesophyll cells, Cfu is a biotroph infecting tomato, while Dse is a hemibiotroph infecting pine. The genomes of these fungi have a similar set of genes (70% of gene content in both genomes are homologs), but differ significantly in size (Cfu >61.1-Mb; Dse 31.2-Mb), which is mainly due to the difference in repeat content (47.2% in Cfu versus 3.2% in Dse). Recent adaptation to different lifestyles and hosts is suggested by diverged sets of genes. Cfu contains an α-tomatinase gene that we predict might be required for detoxification of tomatine, while this gene is absent in Dse. Many genes encoding secreted proteins are unique to each species and the repeat-rich areas in Cfu are enriched for these species-specific genes. In contrast, conserved genes suggest common host ancestry. Homologs of Cfu effector genes, including Ecp2 and Avr4, are present in Dse and induce a Cf-Ecp2- and Cf-4-mediated hypersensitive response, respectively. Strikingly, genes involved in production of the toxin dothistromin, a likely virulence factor for Dse, are conserved in Cfu, but their expression differs markedly with essentially no expression by Cfu in planta. Likewise, Cfu has a carbohydrate-degrading enzyme catalog that is more similar to that of necrotrophs or hemibiotrophs and a larger pectinolytic gene arsenal than Dse, but many of these genes are not expressed in planta or are pseudogenized. Overall, comparison of their genomes suggests that these closely related plant pathogens had a common ancestral host but since adapted to different hosts and lifestyles by a combination of differentiated gene content, pseudogenization, and gene regulation. © 2012 de Wit et al.
Available Materials
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Authors & Co-Authors
De Wit, Pierre J.G.M.
Unknown Affiliation
van der Burgt, Ate
Unknown Affiliation
Ökmen, Bilal
Unknown Affiliation
Stergiopoulos, Ioannis
Unknown Affiliation
Abd-Elsalam, K. A.
Unknown Affiliation
Aerts, Andrea L.
Unknown Affiliation
Bahkali, A. Hassan A.
Unknown Affiliation
Beenen, Henriek G.
Unknown Affiliation
Chettri, Pranav
Unknown Affiliation
Cox, Murray P.
Unknown Affiliation
Datema, Erwin
Unknown Affiliation
de Vries, Ronald P.
Unknown Affiliation
Dhillon, Braham Deep Singh
Unknown Affiliation
Ganley, Austen R.D.
Unknown Affiliation
Griffiths, Scott A.
Unknown Affiliation
Guo, Yanan
Unknown Affiliation
Hamelin, Richard C.
Unknown Affiliation
Henrissat, Bernard
Unknown Affiliation
Kabir, M. Shahjahan
Unknown Affiliation
Jashni, Mansoor Karimi
Unknown Affiliation
Kema, Gerrit H.J.
Unknown Affiliation
Klaubauf, Sylvia
Unknown Affiliation
Lapidus, Alla L.
Unknown Affiliation
Levasseur, Anthony
Unknown Affiliation
Lindquist, Erika A.
Unknown Affiliation
Mehrabi, Rahim
Unknown Affiliation
Ohm, Robin A.
Unknown Affiliation
Owen, Timothy J.
Unknown Affiliation
Salamov, Asaf A.
Unknown Affiliation
Schwelm, Arne
Unknown Affiliation
Schijlen, Elio G.W.M.
Unknown Affiliation
Sun, Hui
Unknown Affiliation
van den Burg, Harrold A.
Unknown Affiliation
van Ham, R. C.H.J.
Unknown Affiliation
Zhang, Shuguang
Unknown Affiliation
Goodwin, Stephen B.
Unknown Affiliation
Grigoriev, Igor V.
Unknown Affiliation
Collémare, Jérôme
Unknown Affiliation
Bradshaw, Rosie E.
Unknown Affiliation
Statistics
Citations: 248
Authors: 39
Affiliations: 21
Identifiers
Doi:
10.1371/journal.pgen.1003088
e-ISSN:
15537404
Research Areas
Genetics And Genomics