The molluscicidal activity of Phytolacca dodecandra I. Location of the activating esterase

A number of methods have been used to extract molluscicidal saponins from the dried berries of Phytolacca dodecandra. The potency of the extract has been determined to depend on the release of an enzyme found only in the seed and breaking the seed is critical to the extraction process. The enzyme is inactivated by heat or alcohol. The highest potency extract is made from a cold water extraction of finely ground dried berries. © 1989 Academic Press, Inc.