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Publication Details
AFRICAN RESEARCH NEXUS
SHINING A SPOTLIGHT ON AFRICAN RESEARCH
Energy expenditure in adults living in developing compared with industrialized countries: A meta-analysis of doubly labeled water studies
American Journal of Clinical Nutrition, Volume 93, No. 2, Year 2011
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Description
Background: There is an assumption that people in developing countries have a higher total energy expenditure (TEE) and physical activity level (PAL) than do people in developed nations, but few objective data for this assertion exist. Objective: We conducted a meta-analysis of TEE and PAL by using data from countries that have a low or middle human development index (HDI) compared with those with a high HDI to better understand how energy-expenditure variables are associated with development status and population differences in body size. Design: We performed a literature search for studies in which energy expenditure was measured by using doubly labeled water. Mean data on age, weight, body mass index (BMI; in kg/m2), TEE, and PAL were extracted, and HDI status was assessed. Pooled estimates of the mean effect by sex were obtained, and the extent to which age, weight, HDI status, and year of publication explained heterogeneity was assessed. Results: A total of 98 studies (14 studies from low- or middle-HDI countries) that represented 183 cohorts and 4972 individuals were included. Mean (±SE) BMI was lower in countries with a low or middle HDI than in those with a high HDI for both men and women (22.7 ± 1.0 compared with 26.0 ± 0.7, respectively, in men and 24.3 ± 0.7 compared with 26.6 ± 0.4, respectively, in women). In meta-regression models, there was an inverse association of age (P < 0.001) and a positive association of weight (P < 0.001) with TEE for both sexes; there was an association of age only in men with PAL (P < 0.001). There was no association of HDI status with either TEE or PAL. Conclusion: TEE adjusted for weight and age or PAL did not differ significantly between developing and industrialized countries, which calls into question the role of energy expenditure in the cause of obesity at the population level. © 2011 American Society for Nutrition.
Authors & Co-Authors
Dugas, L. Ruth
United States, Chicago
Loyola University Chicago
Harders, Regina
United States, Chicago
Loyola University Chicago
Ebersole, Kara E.
United States, Chicago
Loyola University Chicago
Shoham, David A.
United States, Chicago
Loyola University Chicago
Rush, Elaine Carolyn
New Zealand, Auckland
Auckland University of Technology
Assah, Felix Kembe
United Kingdom, Cambridge
Wellcome-mrc Institute of Metabolic Science
Forrester, Terrence E.
Jamaica, Kingston
The University of the West Indies
Durazo-Arvizú, Ramón Angel
United States, Chicago
Loyola University Chicago
Luke, Amy H.
United States, Chicago
Loyola University Chicago
Statistics
Citations: 99
Authors: 9
Affiliations: 4
Identifiers
Doi:
10.3945/ajcn.110.007278
ISSN:
19383207
Research Areas
Environmental
Food Security
Genetics And Genomics
Noncommunicable Diseases
Study Design
Cross Sectional Study
Cohort Study
Study Approach
Systematic review
Participants Gender
Male
Female